Medical Inventions — Set 1
Inventions · चिकित्सा आविष्कार · Questions 1–10 of 80
Who is credited with the invention of the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796?
Correct Answer: B. Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine using the milder cowpox virus. This discovery laid the foundation for the field of immunology. Smallpox eventually became the first human disease to be eradicated globally.
Which scientist discovered Penicillin, the world's first true antibiotic, in 1928?
Correct Answer: D. Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming noticed that a mold called Penicillium notatum destroyed staphylococci bacteria. His accidental discovery revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases. He shared the Nobel Prize for this work in 1945.
The stethoscope, a vital medical instrument for listening to internal sounds, was invented by whom?
Correct Answer: B. René Laennec
René Laennec invented the stethoscope in 1816 to avoid placing his ear directly on a patient's chest. The original design was a simple wooden tube. It is now a universal symbol of the medical profession.
Who developed the first effective injectable polio vaccine in the early 1950s?
Correct Answer: D. Jonas Salk
Jonas Salk created the inactivated poliovirus vaccine to combat the paralyzing epidemic. He famously chose not to patent the vaccine to ensure it remained affordable. This invention led to a dramatic decline in polio cases worldwide.
Which scientist is known for developing the process of pasteurization to kill harmful bacteria in food and milk?
Correct Answer: C. Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur discovered that heating liquids to a specific temperature could prevent spoilage by microbes. He also formulated the germ theory of disease, which changed modern hygiene. His work provided the basis for many life-saving vaccines.
The discovery of X-rays, which revolutionized internal medical imaging, was made by?
Correct Answer: D. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered these mysterious rays while experimenting with vacuum tubes in 1895. He won the first-ever Nobel Prize in Physics for this monumental discovery. The first medical X-ray was of his wife's hand.
Who is considered the 'Father of Antiseptic Surgery' for introducing carbolic acid to sterilize wounds?
Correct Answer: D. Joseph Lister
Joseph Lister applied Pasteur's germ theory to surgery to prevent post-operative infections. He pioneered the use of chemical antiseptics to clean surgical instruments and hands. This practice significantly reduced death rates following major operations.
The first human heart transplant was performed in 1967 by which surgeon?
Correct Answer: B. Christian Barnard
Christian Barnard performed the historic nine-hour operation in Cape Town, South Africa. The patient survived for 18 days after the groundbreaking surgery. This event opened a new era in the field of organ transplantation.
Who discovered the structure of DNA, along with James Watson and Maurice Wilkins?
Correct Answer: B. Francis Crick
Francis Crick and James Watson identified the double helix structure of the DNA molecule in 1953. This discovery explained how genetic information is stored and replicated in living organisms. Their work is a cornerstone of modern molecular biology.
The electrocardiogram (ECG), used to monitor heart rhythm, was invented by?
Correct Answer: C. Willem Einthoven
Willem Einthoven developed the first practical string galvanometer to record the heart's electrical activity. He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1924 for this invention. Modern cardiology relies heavily on this diagnostic tool.