Medical Inventions — Set 7
Inventions · चिकित्सा आविष्कार · Questions 61–70 of 80
The smallpox vaccine, the first vaccine ever created, was discovered by?
Correct Answer: C. Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner discovered that cowpox provided immunity against the much deadlier smallpox in 1796. This was the beginning of the science of immunology. Smallpox remains the only human disease to be completely eradicated by vaccination.
Which scientist discovered the first true antibiotic, Penicillin, in 1928?
Correct Answer: C. Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming noticed that a mold called Penicillium inhibited the growth of bacteria in his lab. His discovery began the age of antibiotics and saved millions of lives from infection. He shared the Nobel Prize for this work in 1945.
Who discovered the bacteria that cause Anthrax, Cholera, and Tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: C. Robert Koch
Robert Koch was a German physician who established the field of bacteriology. He developed specific techniques to isolate and identify the germs responsible for deadly diseases. He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1905.
The process of using heat to kill bacteria in milk and wine is named after?
Correct Answer: A. Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur developed pasteurization to prevent liquids from spoiling and spreading disease. He also created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. He is often called the 'Father of Microbiology'.
Who is considered the 'Father of Antiseptic Surgery'?
Correct Answer: A. Joseph Lister
Joseph Lister introduced the use of carbolic acid to clean wounds and surgical instruments. This practice drastically reduced deaths from infections after surgery. The popular mouthwash Listerine is named in his honor.
Which physician discovered the double-helix structure of DNA along with Crick and Wilkins?
Correct Answer: C. James Watson
James Watson and Francis Crick identified the molecular structure of DNA in 1953. This discovery explained how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.
Who is credited with inventing the first practical stethoscope in 1816?
Correct Answer: A. René Laennec
René Laennec invented the stethoscope to listen to heart and lung sounds more clearly. The first version was a simple wooden tube. It is now one of the most basic and essential medical tools used globally.
The first injectable polio vaccine was developed by?
Correct Answer: B. Jonas Salk
Jonas Salk developed the first polio vaccine using killed viruses in the 1950s. His work led to the virtual elimination of the disease in many parts of the world. He chose not to patent the vaccine to make it widely available.
Who discovered the hormone insulin, which is used to treat diabetes?
Correct Answer: A. Frederick Banting
Frederick Banting, Charles Best, and John Macleod isolated insulin from the pancreas in 1921. This discovery turned diabetes from a fatal disease into a manageable condition. Banting and Macleod were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1923.
The ABO blood group system was discovered by which scientist?
Correct Answer: C. Karl Landsteiner
Karl Landsteiner discovered the different blood types in 1900. This discovery made safe blood transfusions possible and saved millions of lives. He also helped discover the Polio virus and the Rh factor.