Medical Inventions — Set 5
Inventions · चिकित्सा आविष्कार · Questions 41–50 of 80
Who discovered the connection between mosquitoes and the transmission of malaria?
Correct Answer: B. Ronald Ross
Ronald Ross proved that malaria is transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes in 1897. He conducted his landmark research while serving in the Indian Medical Service. He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1902.
The first modern hearing aid using vacuum tubes was invented in 1920 by?
Correct Answer: A. Earl Hanson
Earl Hanson invented the 'Vactuphone', the first portable hearing aid to use electronic tubes. This was a significant improvement over earlier acoustic horns. It used telephone technology to amplify sound for the user.
The discovery of the Bacillus Anthracis as the cause of Anthrax was made by?
Correct Answer: A. Robert Koch
Robert Koch isolated the anthrax bacterium and demonstrated its lifecycle in 1876. This was the first time a specific microbe was definitively linked to a specific disease. His research validated the germ theory in its early stages.
Who invented the first mass-producible disposable syringe in 1954?
Correct Answer: C. Colin Murdoch
New Zealand pharmacist Colin Murdoch invented the disposable plastic syringe to reduce the risk of infection. He also invented the tranquilizer gun used by veterinarians. His syringe design is now a standard tool in clinics worldwide.
Which scientist is famous for discovering the virus that causes AIDS (HIV)?
Correct Answer: A. Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
The correct answer is 'Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi'. They identified the retrovirus at the Pasteur Institute in France in 1983. Their discovery was crucial for developing diagnostic tests and antiretroviral therapies. They shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2008.
The invention of the laryngoscope for examining the vocal cords is attributed to?
Correct Answer: A. Manuel García
Manuel García, a famous singing teacher, used a pair of mirrors to view his own larynx in 1854. This simple device allowed doctors to inspect the throat for the first time. It laid the foundation for the specialty of laryngology.
Who discovered that yellow fever is transmitted by a specific species of mosquito?
Correct Answer: A. Walter Reed
Major Walter Reed led the team that experimentally proved the mosquito transmission theory in Cuba. This work allowed for the elimination of yellow fever in major tropical regions. He is the namesake of the famous military hospital in Washington, D.C.
The first effective treatment for leprosy, Promin, was developed in 1941 by?
Correct Answer: D. Guy Faget
Guy Faget successfully used Promin at the national leprosarium in Carville, Louisiana. It was the first 'miracle drug' that offered hope to those suffering from leprosy. Modern treatments now use a multi-drug therapy (MDT) based on similar principles.
Which physician is famous for creating the first maps showing the spread of cholera during an 1854 outbreak?
Correct Answer: D. John Snow
John Snow identified a contaminated water pump as the source of a London cholera epidemic. His data-driven approach is considered the birth of modern epidemiology. He famously removed the handle of the Broad Street pump to stop the outbreak.
The iron lung, a mechanical respirator used primarily for polio patients, was invented by?
Correct Answer: A. Philip Drinker and Louis Shaw
The correct answer is 'Philip Drinker and Louis Shaw'. They developed the negative-pressure ventilator in 1928 at Harvard University. It saved the lives of many people whose respiratory muscles were paralyzed by polio. Some patients spent decades living inside these massive metal tanks.