Land Measurement (Bigha, Acre) — Set 11

Correct Answer: A. A system providing conclusive ownership title for land

Land Titling refers to the shift from the current system of presumptive title to a system of conclusive title where the registered title is a guaranteed proof of ownership. Under conclusive titling, the government guarantees the accuracy of land records and compensates for any errors. Several states and the central government have been working on implementing Land Titling systems.

Correct Answer: A. A register of demand collection and balance of revenue in a district

Tauzi is a revenue register maintained at the district level that records the total demand, amount collected, and balance outstanding for land revenue in each Tehsil and circle. It provides a summary of the revenue position of the entire district. The District Collector uses the Tauzi to monitor revenue collection and take action against defaulters. It is an important tool for financial monitoring in revenue administration.

Correct Answer: A. One hundredth of a chain equal to 7.92 inches

In surveying using Gunter's chain, one link equals one hundredth of a chain or 7.92 inches (approximately 20.12 cm). One chain equals 66 feet and one chain squared equals one-tenth of an acre. The chain was the standard tool for measuring land before modern electronic survey instruments. Historic land records in India often reference measurements in chains and links.

Correct Answer: A. A unique number assigned to each owner in the revenue records

Khewat number is a unique number assigned to each landowner or group of co-sharers in the revenue record of a village in Punjab and Haryana. The Khewat number helps identify all land owned by a specific owner or co-sharing family across the village. It is an important reference in the Jamabandi. The Khewat along with Khatooni and Khasra numbers forms the three-level identification system in Punjab land records.

Correct Answer: A. The main Tehsil in a district where the District Collectors office is located

Sadar Tehsil is the main or headquarters Tehsil in a district where the District Collector's office and main government offices are located. It is called Sadar to distinguish it from other Tehsils in the district. The Sadar Tehsil typically has its own Tehsildar and maintains land records for the areas under its jurisdiction. In many districts, the Sadar Tehsil covers the urban and peri-urban areas around the district headquarters.

Correct Answer: A. Land held on the basis of a Patta issued by government

Patta Bhoomi refers to land held on the basis of a Patta issued by the government to a beneficiary under a land grant or distribution scheme. The Patta confirms the holder's right to possess and cultivate the land. In many states, Patta Bhoomi has been given to landless farmers and tribal communities under land reform programs. The rights conferred by a Patta may be permanent or for a fixed period depending on state policy.

Correct Answer: A. Illegal additional cesses collected by zamindars over and above sanctioned revenue

Abwab refers to the illegal additional cesses and exactions that zamindars and local revenue officials collected from peasants over and above the officially sanctioned land revenue. These included charges for various occasions like the zamindar's wedding and festivals. Abwab was a major source of exploitation of peasants in the zamindari system. Colonial revenue reforms tried to regulate and abolish such illegal exactions.

Correct Answer: A. A permanent record of land classification and ownership in a village

Potha Khasra (also called B1 Khasra) in Madhya Pradesh is the official record of rights that combines classification of land with ownership details. It shows the Khasra number, area, land type, ownership details, and cultivation status. Farmers can access their Potha Khasra online through the MP Bhulekh portal. It is required for agricultural loans, insurance, and government scheme benefits.

Correct Answer: A. A government-issued deed or charter granting rights to land

Sanad is a formal deed or charter issued by the government or a royal authority granting specific rights over land. In historical context, Sanads were issued by Mughal and British authorities to zamindars confirming their rights over land. In modern context, Sanads may be issued by state governments to confirm land allotments and grants to eligible beneficiaries. The Sanad serves as the primary document of title for the land granted.

Correct Answer: A. The primary legislation governing land rights and revenue in Assam

The Assam Land and Revenue Regulation 1886 is the principal legislation governing land rights, land revenue, and land records in Assam. It establishes the framework for classification of land, settlement of revenue, and rights of different categories of land holders. The Regulation has been amended several times to incorporate changes in land administration. It forms the legal basis for all land-related activities in Assam.