Land Measurement (Bigha, Acre) — Set 2

Correct Answer: B. 121 sq yards

One guntha or gunta equals 121 square yards or approximately 101.17 square meters. It is a traditional unit of land measurement commonly used in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana. Forty gunthas equal one acre. The term is derived from the Sanskrit word 'guntha' meaning a measure. It is also spelled as gunta or gontha in different regions.

Correct Answer: B. Ownership, possession, and cultivation details of land

Record of Rights (RoR) or Pahani/Jamabandi is a basic land record document that contains details of land ownership, possession, area, type of soil, nature of land use, and rights of cultivators. It is maintained by the Revenue Department and updated annually. The RoR is essential for land transactions, obtaining government benefits, and resolving land disputes. It is available online in most states.

Correct Answer: B. Field inspection of crops by patwari

Girdawari refers to the periodic inspection and recording of standing crops and land use by the village Patwari (revenue officer). It is conducted twice a year, during Kharif and Rabi seasons. The Patwari records crop types, area under each crop, and irrigation sources. Girdawari records are important for determining crop loans, insurance claims, and agricultural statistics.

Correct Answer: B. Transfer of land title from one person to another in records

Mutation or Dakhil-Kharij is the process of transferring or changing the title of a property in official land records after a sale, inheritance, gift, or court order. It ensures that revenue records reflect the current ownership. After purchase, the buyer must apply for mutation within a specified period. Mutation is mandatory for availing government benefits linked to land ownership.

Correct Answer: B. Land Rights and Loan Passbook given to farmers

Bhu-Adhikar and Rin Pustika is a combined passbook given to farmers that contains their land rights details and credit eligibility. Several states have introduced this document to provide farmers with a comprehensive record of their land holdings and facilitate access to institutional credit. It reduces the need for farmers to obtain multiple certificates for bank loans and government schemes.

Correct Answer: A. Village customs and rights record

Wazib-ul-arz is a village record that documents the customary rights of villagers over common lands, pastures, forests, and water sources. It records the rights and privileges that villagers have been traditionally enjoying. The document helps in settling disputes over common property resources. It is an important part of village land records maintained by the Patwari.

Correct Answer: B. Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme

DILRMP stands for Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme, launched in 2008 (earlier called NLRMP). The programme aims to develop a modern, comprehensive land records management system to reduce land disputes, provide transparency, and facilitate smooth credit delivery. Key components include computerization of land records, survey/re-survey with modern technology, and registration computerization.

Correct Answer: B. Periodic record of land rights, tenancies, and cultivation

Jamabandi is a periodically prepared land record that consolidates details of land ownership, tenancy rights, cultivation details, and rights over land. It is updated every four to five years through a formal process called Settlement. The Patwari prepares preliminary Jamabandi and the Revenue officer finalizes it. It serves as the primary proof of land ownership in states like Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh.

Correct Answer: C. Lineage record of landowners

Shajra Nasab is a genealogical tree or lineage record of landowners in village revenue records. It traces the inheritance of land through generations and establishes hereditary rights. It is maintained by the Patwari and is useful in establishing succession rights to agricultural land. The document becomes crucial when land is inherited and mutation is sought.

Correct Answer: A. 43,560

43,560 square feet make one Acre. This is the standard measurement used in land surveys across India and globally. One Acre equals 4,840 square yards or about 0.4047 hectares. It is commonly used in land sale deeds and agricultural records.