Land Measurement (Bigha, Acre) — Set 8

Correct Answer: A. Record of Rights Tenancy and Cultivation maintained online

Bhoomi RTC (Record of Rights, Tenancy, and Cultivation) is the official land record document in Karnataka that is now available online through the Bhoomi portal. It contains details of land ownership, area, nature of land, irrigation source, and crop details. It replaced the manual pahani system and has significantly improved transparency. Farmers can download their RTC documents from the Bhoomi portal without visiting government offices.

Correct Answer: A. A group of villages below a Sarkar in Mughal administration

Pargana was an administrative unit in Mughal India that comprised a group of villages. It was below the Sarkar (district) and above the village in the revenue hierarchy. The Pargana had its own revenue officials called the Kanungo. In modern revenue administration, the Pargana has been replaced by the Tehsil or Block as the sub-district administrative unit.

Correct Answer: A. A revenue official who supervises and verifies Patwari records

Kanungo is a revenue official who supervises the work of Patwaris in a circle consisting of several villages. The Kanungo verifies land records, attests mutations, and ensures accuracy of Patwari entries. The office traces its origin to the Mughal period. In modern revenue administration, the Kanungo is a crucial link between the Patwari and the Tehsildar.

Correct Answer: A. Recognition of tribal communities rights over forest land

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Recognition of Forest Rights Act 2006 recognizes the rights of tribal communities over forest land. It gives these communities the right to live on and cultivate forest land they have been occupying for generations. The Act also grants community rights over forest resources. It is a landmark legislation for tribal land rights in India.

Correct Answer: A. Providing fair compensation and rehabilitation for land acquired by government

The Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013 replaced the old Land Acquisition Act of 1894. It provides for fair compensation that is at least twice the market value for rural areas. The Act makes social impact assessment mandatory and requires consent of 70-80 percent of affected families in certain cases. It also includes comprehensive rehabilitation and resettlement provisions for displaced families.

Correct Answer: A. One Acre of land

Killa is a term used in Punjab and Haryana for one Acre of land. One Killa equals one Acre which is 8 Kanals or 160 Marlas. It is a common unit used in everyday language for land transactions in Punjab. In official revenue documents, the area is expressed in Acres and Kanals, with Killa being the informal name for one Acre.

Correct Answer: A. The area of land measured in units like Bigha Acre or Hectare

Raqba in revenue terminology refers to the area or acreage of agricultural land. It is the measured area of a plot of land in revenue records. The Raqba is expressed in local units like Bigha, Biswa, Katha, or in metric units like Hectares. Accurate Raqba measurement is essential for correct revenue assessment, crop insurance, and government scheme benefits.

Correct Answer: A. A small unit equal to one-twentieth of a Katha

Dhur is a traditional unit of land measurement used in Bihar and Jharkhand. One Dhur equals one-twentieth of a Katha. Twenty Dhurs make one Katha, and twenty Kathas make one Bigha. The Dhur is used for measuring very small portions of agricultural land in these states.

Correct Answer: A. A unit of length equal to about 5.5 feet used in surveys

Karm is a traditional unit of length used in land surveys in Punjab and Haryana. One Karm equals approximately 5.5 feet or about 1.68 meters. The Karm is used to measure the dimensions of agricultural plots. In Punjab land measurements, the area of a plot is often expressed in Kanals and Marlas, which are calculated using the Karm as the base unit.

Correct Answer: A. 5

In Himachal Pradesh, five Kanals make one Bigha. This differs from the Punjab system where eight Kanals make one Acre. The Bigha and Kanal measurements vary across different regions and states in India. Land transactions in Himachal Pradesh commonly use Bighas and Kanals as the preferred units.