Supreme Court & High Courts — Set 16

Correct Answer: B. Prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt

Burden of Proof in criminal law means the prosecution must prove the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

Correct Answer: B. Accused has the right not to incriminate themselves and remain silent

Right to Silence allows an accused to refuse to answer questions and prevents their silence from being used against them in court.

Correct Answer: B. A person cannot be tried or punished twice for the same offense

Double Jeopardy protects a person from being tried or punished twice for the same offense, a fundamental right in criminal law.

Correct Answer: B. Punishment should be proportionate to the severity of the crime

Punishment Proportionate to Crime ensures that penalties are commensurate with the gravity of the offense, preventing excessive or disproportionate sentences.

Correct Answer: B. An appeal to the President to remit or reduce a sentence

Mercy Petition is an appeal to the President seeking remission or commutation of a sentence awarded by courts, exercising executive clemency.

Correct Answer: B. Evidence that demonstrates negligence without explicit proof

Res Ipsa Loquitur means 'the thing speaks for itself' - a doctrine allowing inference of negligence from the nature of the accident itself.

Correct Answer: B. Plaintiff must prove case on 'balance of probabilities'

In Civil Cases, the Plaintiff must prove the case on the basis of 'Balance of Probabilities', meaning the preponderance of evidence favors one party.

Correct Answer: B. Liability of one person for the wrongful acts of another

Vicarious Liability means one person (like an employer) can be held liable for the wrongful acts of another (like an employee) done in the course of their work.

Correct Answer: B. Both plaintiff and defendant are partially responsible for the harm

Contributory Negligence means both parties share responsibility for the harm, and damages may be reduced based on the plaintiff's contribution to the negligence.

Correct Answer: B. Guardian of Constitution, protector of fundamental rights, enforcer of rule of law, and keeper of constitutional balance

The Indian Judiciary is the cornerstone of the constitutional framework, serving as the guardian of the Constitution, protector of fundamental rights, and enforcer of the rule of law while maintaining constitutional balance.