Supreme Court & High Courts — Set 4

Correct Answer: B. By the President on advice of the Chief Justice and other judges

Article 124(2) provides that judges are appointed by the President on the advice of the Chief Justice of India and other senior judges, known as the collegium system. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: B. A system where senior judges recommend appointments of new judges

The Collegium System ensures judicial independence by allowing senior judges to recommend appointments of new judges, preventing political interference in judicial appointments. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. To hear criminal cases and important civil cases with highest jurisdiction in the district

The District and Sessions Judge presides over the highest district court level, handling serious criminal cases and important civil disputes within their territorial jurisdiction. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. High Court has appellate jurisdiction while District Court has original jurisdiction

High Courts primarily have appellate jurisdiction (hearing appeals from lower courts), while District Courts have original jurisdiction (first instance hearing of cases). This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: A. The power to hear a case for the first time

Original Jurisdiction refers to the power of a court to hear a case in the first instance, before it reaches higher courts for appeal. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. The power to hear appeals against decisions of lower courts

Appellate Jurisdiction is the power of a higher court to hear and decide cases that have been appealed from lower courts, reviewing their decisions. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: A. Article 131

Article 131 provides for the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in cases involving disputes between states or between the union and states. This constitutional provision under Article PROVIDES is an essential part of the Indian constitutional framework The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: B. The power of the Supreme Court to take up a case on its own motion without waiting for a petition

Suomoto Jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to take cognizance of matters of public importance and social interest on its own initiative, without waiting for a petition. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: C. Judicial orders that are ultra vires

Certiorari is used to challenge and quash judicial orders or decisions from lower courts or tribunals that are outside their jurisdiction or violate principles of natural justice. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. To compel an official to perform duty; used when an official refuses to perform a public duty

Mandamus (meaning 'we command') is issued to compel a government official or authority to perform a duty that they are legally required to perform but have refused or neglected to do. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.