Supreme Court & High Courts — Set 2

Correct Answer: C. 28 High Courts

As of 2024, there are 28 High Courts in India (including the newly created Bombay High Court's separate Nagpur bench recognition and others). This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: A. Article 214

Article 214 provides for the establishment of High Courts for each state or group of states as prescribed by Parliament. This constitutional provision under Article OF is an essential part of the Indian constitutional framework The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: B. 62 years

Article 217 specifies that a High Court judge must retire at the age of 62 years. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy The judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and protecting citizens' fundamental rights. The independence of the judiciary is ensured through security of tenure, fixed service conditions, and the charge on the Consolidated Fund.

Correct Answer: C. Both criminal and civil cases within a district

District Courts have both criminal and civil jurisdiction within their geographical limits, serving as the first institution for litigation in many cases. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: C. Article 235

Article 235 provides that the district judiciary is controlled and supervised by the High Court within each state. This constitutional provision under Article OF is an essential part of the Indian constitutional framework Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. To protect the rule of law and safeguard fundamental rights

Judicial independence ensures that judges can deliver justice impartially, protected from political pressure, and uphold the Constitution and fundamental rights. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. Article 217

Article 217 provides for the security of tenure, stating that judges can only be removed through impeachment, protecting their independence. This constitutional provision under Article ENSURES is an essential part of the Indian constitutional framework Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. The power of courts to examine the validity of laws and executive actions

Judicial Review is the power of courts to examine whether laws and executive actions are constitutional, and to strike down those that violate the Constitution. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: A. Article 13

Article 13 states that the state shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by Part III (Fundamental Rights), and the courts can strike down such laws. This constitutional provision under Article EMPOWERS is an essential part of the Indian constitutional framework Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.

Correct Answer: B. Beyond the limits of authority

Ultra Vires means 'beyond the powers' and refers to actions taken beyond the authority granted, which courts can declare invalid. This is an important constitutional provision that governs the structure and functioning of Indian democracy Understanding this constitutional provision is essential for competitive examinations and civic awareness. Understanding this provision thoroughly is essential for civil services, judicial services, and other competitive examinations.