Supreme Court & High Courts — Set 6

Correct Answer: B. Cases that serve public interest and can be filed by anyone on behalf of the public

Public Interest Litigation is a legal proceeding intended to serve the interests of the public, and can be initiated by any person or organization on behalf of the public without locus standi.

Correct Answer: B. Principles ensuring fairness in judicial and administrative proceedings

Natural Justice refers to the principles of fair procedure in judicial and administrative proceedings, including the right to be heard and the absence of bias.

Correct Answer: B. Audi Alteram Partem and Nemo Judex

The two main principles are: Audi Alteram Partem (hear the other side - right to be heard) and Nemo Judex (no one can be judge in his own case - absence of bias).

Correct Answer: B. Powers should be distributed to prevent concentration and check abuse

The Doctrine of Separation of Powers divides government authority into three branches (legislative, executive, judicial) to prevent power concentration and provide checks and balances.

Correct Answer: B. Judges should limit their intervention and respect decisions of other branches

Judicial Restraint means judges should limit their intervention in executive and legislative matters, respecting the principle of separation of powers.

Correct Answer: A. Habeas Corpus

Habeas Corpus is the writ used to bring a person detained or imprisoned before the court to determine the legality of their detention.

Correct Answer: B. To provide the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights

Article 32 provides the right to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of fundamental rights through appropriate writs, making it the guardian of fundamental rights.

Correct Answer: B. To represent the state in criminal cases and prosecution

A Public Prosecutor represents the state in criminal cases and is responsible for prosecuting offenders on behalf of the state in courts.

Correct Answer: B. An order of a court restraining a person from doing something or requiring them to do something

An Injunction is a court order that requires a party to either do something or refrain from doing something. It is a remedy in civil law to prevent irreparable harm.

Correct Answer: B. Temporary and permanent injunctions

There are temporary (preliminary) injunctions granted before final judgment and permanent injunctions granted after final judgment. There are also mandatory and prohibitory injunctions.