Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 13

Correct Answer: B. Indigo cultivation

The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was against the Tinkathia system where indigo farmers were forced to cultivate indigo on 3/20 of their land. Gandhi's investigation revealed the exploitative conditions. The British government set up an inquiry commission which Gandhi also joined. The Tinkathia system was abolished as a result.

Correct Answer: C. 30%

The British government proposed a 30% increase in land revenue in Bardoli taluka in 1928. The farmers found this unjust especially given poor agricultural conditions. Sardar Patel organized non-payment of taxes as a form of non-violent resistance. After the satyagraha's success, the British reduced the increase significantly.

Correct Answer: A. 1930

When Gandhi left Sabarmati Ashram on March 12, 1930 to begin the Dandi March, he vowed not to return until independence. The Satyagraha Ashram was subsequently renamed Harijan Ashram. After independence, it was converted into a national monument and renamed Sabarmati Ashram. It is now managed by the Gujarat Vidyapith trust.

Correct Answer: B. Ahmedabad mill workers 1918

Anasuya Sarabhai, sister of Ambalal Sarabhai, organized the Ahmedabad mill workers' strike in 1918 alongside Gandhi. She advocated for a 35% wage hike for the workers. Her work among mill laborers earned her the title 'Motaben' (elder sister) among workers. She was instrumental in founding the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association.

Correct Answer: B. Surat

Bardoli is a taluka in Surat district of Gujarat and was the heartland of the famous 1928 Bardoli Satyagraha. Sardar Patel organized the farmers of Bardoli against unjust tax increases. The success of Bardoli Satyagraha made it a model for non-violent civil disobedience. Bardoli is often called the birthplace of modern Satyagraha in India.

Correct Answer: C. 1947

The Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed by the British Parliament on July 18, 1947. It provided for the partition of British India into two independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The act came into effect on August 15, 1947. Gujarat leaders played crucial roles in the transition of power.

Correct Answer: C. Lord Irwin

Lord Irwin was the Viceroy of India during the Dandi March of 1930. Gandhi wrote a famous letter to Lord Irwin before beginning the march explaining his intentions. Irwin chose not to arrest Gandhi before the march. He later signed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931 with Gandhi.

Correct Answer: B. V.D. Savarkar

Abhinav Bharat Society was founded by V.D. Savarkar in 1904. Though Savarkar was from Maharashtra, he was closely associated with Shyamji Krishna Varma's India House in London. Savarkar was housed in India House which was established by the Gujarati revolutionary. Both worked together for Indian independence through revolutionary means.

Correct Answer: B. It had no Indian members

The Simon Commission of 1928 was boycotted by Indians across party lines because it had no Indian members. The Commission was tasked with reviewing India's constitutional framework. Every town it visited saw protests with the slogan 'Simon Go Back'. Lala Lajpat Rai led protests in Lahore and was lathi-charged; he died soon after.

Correct Answer: B. Central Legislative Assembly

Vitthalbhai Patel, elder brother of Sardar Patel, served as President (Speaker) of the Central Legislative Assembly from 1925 to 1930. He was the first Indian to hold this position. He was a skilled parliamentarian who used his position to advance nationalist causes. He later resigned in protest against British policies.