Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 2

Correct Answer: C. 240 miles

Gandhi walked approximately 240 miles (about 390 km) during the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad to Dandi on the Gujarat coast. The march lasted 24 days from March 12 to April 6, 1930. Gandhi started with 78 chosen followers, but thousands joined as the march progressed through villages. It became one of the most significant acts of civil disobedience in the Indian freedom movement.

Correct Answer: A. Salt Act 1882

Gandhi violated the Salt Act of 1882 during the Dandi March by picking up salt from the beach. Under this British law, the manufacture and sale of salt was a government monopoly and Indians had to pay taxes on salt. By making salt from seawater, Gandhi committed an illegal act as a form of civil disobedience. This symbolic protest mobilized millions of Indians against British rule.

Correct Answer: C. Sabarmati

Gandhi established the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad in 1917 on the banks of the Sabarmati River. The ashram became the headquarters of Gandhi's activities and the incubator of various freedom movements. Gandhi took a vow not to return to the ashram until India achieved independence. The Sabarmati Ashram is now a national memorial and museum.

Correct Answer: B. Jallianwala Bagh massacre and Khilafat grievances

The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Gandhi in 1920 combining two grievances: the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919) and the Khilafat issue (protection of the Ottoman Caliphate). Indians were called upon to boycott British goods, institutions, courts, and titles. The movement saw unprecedented participation across all sections of society including women and students. Gandhi withdrew the movement in February 1922 following the Chauri Chaura violence.

Correct Answer: C. 1922

Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement on February 12, 1922 following the Chauri Chaura incident in Uttar Pradesh where a mob set fire to a police station killing 22 policemen. Gandhi called off the movement insisting that true satyagraha required complete non-violence. This decision was controversial among Congress leaders but reflected Gandhi's uncompromising commitment to ahimsa. The suspension was a setback for the freedom movement temporarily.

Correct Answer: B. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad was the major centre of Khilafat movement activities in Gujarat during 1919-1924. The Khilafat Movement was launched by Indian Muslims to protect the Ottoman Caliphate against British designs after World War I. Gandhi supported the movement to build Hindu-Muslim unity for the independence struggle. Ahmedabad's diverse Muslim and Hindu population made it a significant base for these activities.

Correct Answer: C. 1942

The Quit India Movement was launched by Gandhi on August 8, 1942 at Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay with his famous 'Do or Die' speech. The All India Congress Committee passed the Quit India resolution demanding immediate end to British rule. Gandhi and all major Congress leaders were arrested the very next morning before the movement could be organized. Spontaneous uprisings erupted across India including in Gujarat.

Correct Answer: A. Sardar Patel

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was called the 'Iron Man of India' and 'Sardar of Sardars' for his exceptional organizational leadership in Gujarat and across India. He earned the title Sardar from the women of Bardoli during the 1928 Satyagraha. His ability to organize mass movements and later integrate 562 princely states set him apart as one of India's greatest leaders. He served as the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of independent India.

Correct Answer: C. Bombay

The Quit India resolution was passed at the All India Congress Committee (AICC) session held in Bombay (now Mumbai) on August 8, 1942. Gandhi gave his famous 'Do or Die' speech at Gowalia Tank Maidan (now August Kranti Maidan). The resolution demanded immediate independence from British rule. Gandhi and all major Congress leaders were arrested the very next morning by the British government.

Correct Answer: C. Ahmedabad Mill Strike 1918

Ambalal Sarabhai was a prominent Gujarati textile mill owner who provided support during the Ahmedabad Mill Strike of 1918. Despite being an industrialist and mill owner himself, he provided facilities to Gandhi during the strike. The Sarabhai family was deeply involved in the national movement. His daughter Anasuya Sarabhai worked as a labour activist aligned with Gandhi's methods advocating for workers' rights.