Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 6
Gujarat GK · स्वतंत्रता संग्राम और गांधी · Questions 51–60 of 161
The Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed by British Parliament on which date?
Correct Answer: B. July 18, 1947
The Indian Independence Act was passed by the British Parliament on July 18, 1947 and came into effect on August 15, 1947. The Act created two independent dominions of India and Pakistan from British India. It also terminated British paramountcy over the princely states, leaving them free to join either dominion. The Act was based on the Mountbatten Plan of June 3, 1947.
Lord Irwin was Viceroy of India during which famous Gandhi movement?
Correct Answer: C. Dandi March and Civil Disobedience
Lord Irwin (later known as Lord Halifax) was the Viceroy of India during the Dandi March and Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930. Gandhi sent him a letter on March 2, 1930 informing him of the planned civil disobedience. Lord Irwin dismissed the threat as a 'pinprick.' He later signed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in March 1931 which temporarily suspended the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Abhinav Bharat Society was founded by which revolutionary nationalist?
Correct Answer: C. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Abhinav Bharat Society was founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1904 as a secret revolutionary organization to work for Indian independence through armed resistance. The society had branches in India and abroad including at India House in London. Savarkar used this network to smuggle revolutionary literature and arms into India. The society was responsible for several revolutionary activities before being suppressed by the British.
The Simon Commission of 1928 was boycotted because it had no members from?
Correct Answer: B. India (all-British composition)
The Simon Commission of 1928 was boycotted by all Indian political parties because it had no Indian members - it was entirely composed of British politicians. The Commission was set up to review the Government of India Act 1919 and propose constitutional reforms. Indians felt insulted that a commission determining India's constitutional future excluded Indians entirely. Protestors greeted the Commission with 'Simon Go Back' slogans wherever it went across India.
Gujarat Vidyapith was established by Gandhi in Ahmedabad in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 1920
Gujarat Vidyapith was established by Mahatma Gandhi in Ahmedabad in 1920 as a national university to educate Indians in the spirit of swadeshi and national self-reliance. It was part of Gandhi's vision for education free from British influence and conforming to Indian values. Many freedom fighters including Mahadev Desai and Kaka Kalelkar were associated with Gujarat Vidyapith. The institution continues to function today and is recognized as a Deemed University.
Mahadev Desai served Gandhi as personal secretary for how many years until 1942?
Correct Answer: C. 25 years
Mahadev Desai served as Gandhi's personal secretary and closest aide for 25 years from 1917 to 1942. He served as Gandhi's conscience, taking notes of his conversations, correspondence, and writings. He documented Gandhi's thoughts and activities meticulously and wrote about Gandhi's life. Desai died in the Aga Khan Palace prison in Pune on August 15, 1942, one week after he and Gandhi were arrested during the Quit India Movement.
The Dharasana Salt Satyagraha of 1930 was reported to the world by which journalist?
Correct Answer: B. Webb Miller
American journalist Webb Miller witnessed and reported the Dharasana Salt Satyagraha in May 1930 to the international press. Hundreds of satyagrahis marched peacefully toward the Dharasana salt depot and were beaten mercilessly by police with steel-tipped lathis. They fell without retaliation, in the spirit of non-violent civil disobedience. Miller's eyewitness account created worldwide sympathy for the Indian independence cause and embarrassed the British government.
Who composed the 'Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat' anthem now used as Gujarat state song?
Correct Answer: C. Narmad (Narmadashankar Dave)
Narmad (Narmadashankar Dave) composed 'Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat' in 1865, which became the anthem of the Mahagujarat Movement and is now the official state song of Gujarat. Narmad was a pioneering Gujarati poet and social reformer of the 19th century who championed the Gujarati language in literature. The anthem celebrates Gujarat's rivers, mountains, and the spirit of its people. It remains deeply beloved by Gujaratis worldwide.
Gujarati poet Jhaverchand Meghani received the title 'Rashtriya Shayar' from whom?
Correct Answer: C. Mahatma Gandhi
Jhaverchand Meghani was given the title 'Rashtriya Shayar' (National Poet) by Mahatma Gandhi in recognition of his patriotic poetry and songs that inspired the freedom movement. Meghani's revolutionary poems are said to have inspired even Bhagat Singh. He wrote 'Sindhudo' which Gandhi praised highly. His folk songs and poetry captured the spirit of the freedom movement and made him one of the most beloved Gujarati literary figures.
The Poona Pact of 1932 was signed between Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to resolve issue of?
Correct Answer: B. Separate electorates for Dalits
The Poona Pact of September 1932 resolved the issue of separate electorates for Dalits (Depressed Classes) awarded by the Communal Award of Ramsay MacDonald. Gandhi fasted unto death against separate electorates as he felt it would permanently divide Hindu society. The Pact was an agreement between Gandhi and Ambedkar providing reserved seats for Dalits in joint Hindu electorates instead. This ended Gandhi's fast and modified the Communal Award.