Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 5
Gujarat GK · स्वतंत्रता संग्राम और गांधी · Questions 41–50 of 161
The national flag's charkha design was created by which person at Gandhi's suggestion?
Correct Answer: B. Pingali Venkayya
Pingali Venkayya of Andhra Pradesh designed the Swaraj Flag featuring the charkha (spinning wheel) at Gandhi's suggestion. Gandhi proposed placing the spinning wheel at the centre of the flag as a symbol of swadeshi and self-reliance. The flag had three horizontal stripes of red, green, and white. After independence, the Ashoka Chakra replaced the charkha in India's national tricolor.
Gujarat was separated from Bombay state as an independent state on which date?
Correct Answer: B. May 1, 1960
Gujarat was formed as an independent state on May 1, 1960 from the bilingual Bombay State. The Mahagujarat Movement successfully demanded a separate state for Gujarati-speaking people. Maharashtra was simultaneously formed as a separate state for Marathi speakers. May 1 is celebrated as Gujarat Day and Maharashtra Day every year to mark the formation of both states.
Who was the key leader of the Mahagujarat Movement for a separate Gujarat state?
Correct Answer: C. Indulal Yagnik
Indulal Yagnik led the Mahagujarat Movement (1956-1960) that demanded a separate state for Gujarati-speaking people. The movement was triggered when the States Reorganisation Commission recommended a bilingual Bombay State combining Gujarati and Marathi speakers. Yagnik was a veteran socialist and journalist who channeled popular sentiment into a powerful political movement. The movement succeeded when Gujarat was formed on May 1, 1960.
Who was the first Chief Minister of Gujarat state formed in 1960?
Correct Answer: B. Jivraj Mehta
Dr. Jivraj Narayan Mehta was the first Chief Minister of Gujarat when the state was formed on May 1, 1960. He was a physician and freedom fighter who had participated in Gandhi's movements. Before becoming Chief Minister, he served as the first Governor of Andhra Pradesh. He led Gujarat during its formative years and laid the foundation for the state's administration and development.
Morarji Desai from Gujarat was India's Prime Minister during which years?
Correct Answer: C. 1977-79
Morarji Desai from Bulsar (now Valsad), Gujarat served as India's Prime Minister from 1977 to 1979 as head of the Janata Party government. He was the first non-Congress Prime Minister of India. He was a freedom fighter who participated in civil disobedience movements and later served as Finance Minister and Deputy PM. He received Pakistan's highest civilian honour, Nishan-e-Pakistan, and also India's highest civilian honour, Bharat Ratna.
The Champaran Satyagraha was against the exploitative tinkathia system that forced?
Correct Answer: B. Forced indigo cultivation on tenant farmers
The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was against the tinkathia system that forced tenant farmers to cultivate indigo on 3/20th of their land at prices fixed by British planters. Farmers could not refuse and had no alternative. Gandhi organized their resistance and conducted surveys documenting their plight. The British Inquiry Commission appointed after this satyagraha abolished the tinkathia system, marking Gandhi's first major victory in India.
During Bardoli Satyagraha the land revenue was unjustly increased by what percentage?
Correct Answer: C. 30%
The British government imposed a 30% increase in land revenue in the Bardoli taluka of Surat district in 1928. Farmers found this increase unjustified especially during difficult agricultural conditions. Sardar Patel organized a no-tax campaign and farmers completely refused to pay the enhanced revenue. The British government's enquiry committee found the revision unjustified and the increase was rolled back.
Gandhi left Sabarmati Ashram in 1930 with a vow not to return until?
Correct Answer: B. India achieved independence
Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram on March 12, 1930 at the start of the Dandi March with a vow not to return until India achieved independence. After Gandhi left, the Sabarmati Ashram was renamed the Harijan Ashram. Gandhi never returned to the ashram as India achieved independence only after his assassination in 1948. The ashram is now called Gandhi Ashram and is preserved as a national memorial.
Anasuya Sarabhai organized which workers' movement in Ahmedabad Gujarat?
Correct Answer: B. Textile workers' movement
Anasuya Sarabhai (1885-1972), sister of industrialist Ambalal Sarabhai, organized the textile workers' movement in Ahmedabad. She supported workers during the 1918 Ahmedabad Mill Strike in their demand for a wage increase. She worked with Gandhi and went on hunger strike to support workers' cause. She also helped found the Majdoor Mahajan Sangh which became a powerful trade union in Ahmedabad.
Bardoli taluka is part of which district in Gujarat?
Correct Answer: B. Surat
Bardoli taluka is part of Surat district in Gujarat and was the heartland of the famous Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928. The taluka's farmers refused to pay the enhanced land revenue under the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. The women of Bardoli gave Patel the title 'Sardar' in recognition of his leadership. The Bardoli Satyagraha became a model for organizing non-violent peasant resistance against unjust taxation.