Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 15

Correct Answer: B. 1919

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919 in Amritsar, Punjab when General Dyer ordered troops to fire on a peaceful gathering. Hundreds of unarmed civilians were killed and thousands wounded. The massacre shocked the entire nation including Gujarat. Gandhi called it a decisive turning point in his commitment to opposing British rule.

Correct Answer: B. Linlithgow

Lord Linlithgow, the Viceroy of India, made the August Offer of 1940 promising Dominion Status after the war and expanding the Executive Council. Congress rejected the offer as inadequate and demanded complete independence. Gujarat's leaders supported Congress's rejection of the offer. The failure of negotiations eventually led to the Cripps Mission in 1942.

Correct Answer: B. It offered Dominion status after the war but immediate power transfer was denied

The Cripps Mission of March 1942 offered Dominion Status to India after World War II ended but denied immediate transfer of power. Congress found the offer inadequate as it deferred independence until after the war. Gandhi famously called it a 'post-dated cheque on a crashing bank'. The failure of the mission directly led to the Quit India Movement of August 1942.

Correct Answer: A. Kheda district which drove the Kheda Satyagraha context

Kheda district in Gujarat was severely affected by the 1918 influenza pandemic combined with drought and crop failure. This devastating triple crisis of disease, drought, and British revenue demands made conditions unbearable for farmers. Gandhi and Sardar Patel used this humanitarian crisis to launch the Kheda Satyagraha. The British eventually agreed to suspend revenue collection for genuine hardship cases.

Correct Answer: A. Dadabhai Naoroji

Navsari, a town in southern Gujarat, is famous as the birthplace of Dadabhai Naoroji, the Grand Old Man of India. He was born there in 1825 into a Parsi family. Navsari is also known for its Parsi fire temples and is one of the oldest Parsi settlements in India. Dadabhai Naoroji's contributions to the drain of wealth theory and his election to British Parliament made Navsari nationally significant.

Correct Answer: C. 1921

The Indian National Congress held its Ahmedabad session in 1921, which was presided over by C.R. Das. Gujarat leaders including Gandhi, Patel, and Vitthalbhai Patel were prominent at this session. The session endorsed the Non-Cooperation Movement resolution. It was an important gathering as Gujarat was at the centre of nationalist activities in that period.

Correct Answer: C. Textile mills and early Congress organization

Bharuch (Broach) in Gujarat had significant Congress organizational activity during the freedom movement. The district had strong textile industry interests that connected it to Swadeshi movement. Local leaders organized boycotts of British goods. Bharuch was also part of the salt-producing coastal region relevant to the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Correct Answer: B. 1946

The Constituent Assembly of India was formed in 1946 following the Cabinet Mission Plan. Gujarat (as part of Bombay province) sent representatives to the Constituent Assembly. Prominent Gujarati members included Vallabhbhai Patel who chaired the Committee on Fundamental Rights. The assembly completed the Constitution on November 26, 1949 which came into effect on January 26, 1950.

Correct Answer: C. Aga Khan Palace Pune

Kasturba Gandhi died on February 22, 1944 at Aga Khan Palace in Pune where she was imprisoned with Gandhi during the Quit India Movement. She suffered from bronchial pneumonia in the final months of her life. Gandhi was by her side when she passed away. Kasturba Ashram was established in her memory in Ahmedabad.

Correct Answer: A. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad was the Congress headquarters during much of Gandhi's active years and served as the centre of organizing resistance to the Rowlatt Act. The Rowlatt Act protests of 1919 saw massive participation in Gujarat. Gandhi organized a hartal on April 6, 1919 against the Rowlatt Act. The protests in Gujarat were among the most organized and widespread in the country.