Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 7

Correct Answer: B. Pune

Aga Khan Palace is located in Pune (then Poona) in Maharashtra where Gandhi and other Congress leaders were interned after their arrest on August 9, 1942 following the Quit India Movement launch. Gandhi's wife Kasturba Gandhi and personal secretary Mahadev Desai both died here during their internment. Gandhi was held prisoner there for nearly two years until May 1944 when he was released on health grounds. The palace is now a national memorial.

Correct Answer: B. 1930

Time Magazine named Gandhi its 'Man of the Year' for 1930 recognizing his leadership of the Salt March and Civil Disobedience Movement. The Salt March of 1930 was described as one of the most significant events of the 20th century. The march demonstrated the power of non-violent civil disobedience to challenge imperial rule. It inspired freedom movements worldwide and captured global media attention.

Correct Answer: C. 1951-52

The first general elections in India were held from October 1951 to February 1952. Over 173 million voters were eligible to vote in the world's first experiment with universal adult franchise on such a massive scale. The Indian National Congress won a landslide victory winning 364 out of 489 Lok Sabha seats. Jawaharlal Nehru became India's first elected Prime Minister with an overwhelming mandate.

Correct Answer: B. 1925

Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian woman to serve as President of the Indian National Congress in 1925 at the Kanpur session. She was a renowned poet known as the 'Nightingale of India' and a close associate of Gandhi. She participated in all major freedom movements including the Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement. After independence, she became the first woman Governor of a state (United Provinces).

Correct Answer: C. Subhas Chandra Bose

The slogan 'Jai Hind' (Victory to India) was popularized by Subhas Chandra Bose as the battle cry of the Indian National Army (INA) during World War II. Bose used it as a closing salutation in his radio broadcasts from Azad Hind Radio. The slogan became a rallying cry for INA soldiers fighting to liberate India. After independence, 'Jai Hind' became the concluding slogan of every address by India's Prime Minister.

Correct Answer: B. Detention without trial

The Rowlatt Act of 1919 was opposed by all Indians because it allowed detention without trial and speedy trial for revolutionary activities. It was passed despite unanimous opposition from all Indian members of the Imperial Legislative Council. Gandhi called it a 'black act' and organized a nationwide hartal against it on April 6, 1919. The protests triggered the Jallianwala Bagh massacre when the British banned public meetings.

Correct Answer: C. Baisakhi

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on April 13, 1919, which was the Baisakhi (Vaisakhi) festival day in Amritsar, Punjab. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered troops to fire on a peaceful gathering of unarmed civilians in the enclosed garden without any warning. Official British figures recorded 379 deaths but Indian estimates put the figure much higher. The massacre was a turning point that converted many moderates into ardent nationalists.

Correct Answer: A. Lord Linlithgow

The August Offer of August 8, 1940 was announced by Viceroy Lord Linlithgow, offering dominion status to India after World War II. The Congress rejected the offer as inadequate while Jinnah's Muslim League objected to Congress being treated as representing all Indians. The offer acknowledged the importance of consulting Indian opinion but did not offer immediate independence. It failed to satisfy Indian nationalist aspirations.

Correct Answer: B. Immediate independence and control of defense

The Cripps Mission of March 1942 failed primarily because the Congress demanded immediate transfer of power and insisted on control of the defense portfolio, which Cripps refused. The Mission offered dominion status only after the war and the right of provinces to opt out of the Indian Union. Gandhi described the offer as 'a post-dated cheque on a crashing bank.' The failure directly led to the launch of the Quit India Movement in August 1942.

Correct Answer: B. Dadabhai Naoroji

Navsari is famous as the birthplace of Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the Grand Old Man of India. Born in 1825 in Navsari, he was a founding figure of the Indian National Congress and the first Indian elected to the British Parliament. His economic analysis of British colonial exploitation provided the intellectual foundation for the nationalist critique. Navsari is also known as the heartland of Parsi culture in Gujarat.