Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 9

Correct Answer: B. 1917

Mahatma Gandhi established Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad in 1917. It served as the base for his non-violent freedom movements. Gandhi took a vow not to return to the ashram until India gained independence. The ashram is now a national memorial on the banks of the Sabarmati River.

Correct Answer: C. Satyagraha Ashram

Gandhi's ashram at Sabarmati was officially known as the Satyagraha Ashram, later popularly called Sabarmati Ashram. It was founded in 1917 after Gandhi moved from Kochrab Ashram. The ashram promoted self-reliance, spinning of khadi, and non-violent resistance. It was the epicenter of the Indian independence movement from 1917 to 1930.

Correct Answer: C. 1920

Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 following the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919 and the Khilafat issue. People were asked to boycott British goods, schools, courts, and elections. Gujarat actively participated through khadi promotion and hartals. The movement was suspended after the Chauri Chaura violence in 1922.

Correct Answer: B. Chauri Chaura

Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 after a violent incident at Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh where a mob burned a police station killing 22 constables. Gandhi felt the movement had turned violent against his principles. He called off the mass civil disobedience as a result. This decision was controversial but reflected Gandhi's commitment to non-violence.

Correct Answer: B. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad was a major centre for Khilafat movement activities in Gujarat. The Muslim community joined hands with the Congress during this period. Gandhi supported the Khilafat cause to build Hindu-Muslim unity against the British. The movement strengthened the Non-Cooperation Movement across the country.

Correct Answer: C. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad witnessed some of the earliest and most intense Quit India Movement activities in Gujarat in August 1942. Workers went on strike, students left schools and colleges, and there were large protests. The British arrested thousands of leaders across Gujarat. Many underground resistance networks operated from Ahmedabad.

Correct Answer: C. Vallabhbhai Patel

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the most prominent Gujarat leader in the independence movement. He organized the Kheda and Bardoli satyagrahas. After independence he integrated 562 princely states earning the title 'Iron Man of India'. He is honoured with the Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, in Gujarat.

Correct Answer: B. Bombay

The Quit India resolution was passed at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay (Mumbai) on August 8, 1942 by the All India Congress Committee. Gandhi gave his famous 'Do or Die' speech at this historic meeting. The next day most major Congress leaders were arrested by the British. Gujarat's leaders played active roles in the underground movement that followed.

Correct Answer: A. Ambalal Sarabhai

Ambalal Sarabhai, owner of Ahmedabad cotton mills, was a significant financial supporter of Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. Despite being a mill owner he supported Gandhi during the 1918 Ahmedabad Mill Strike. The Sarabhai family became synonymous with Ahmedabad's progressive industrial and cultural heritage. His daughter Mridula Sarabhai was a prominent freedom fighter.

Correct Answer: C. Iron Woman of Gujarat

Mridula Sarabhai, daughter of Ambalal Sarabhai, was a prominent freedom fighter known as the 'Iron Woman of Gujarat'. She participated actively in the Quit India Movement. She organized underground networks to help leaders evade arrest. After independence she worked for Hindu-Muslim unity during partition riots.