Freedom Struggle & Gandhi — Set 16
Gujarat GK · स्वतंत्रता संग्राम और गांधी · Questions 151–160 of 161
Which year did the INC adopt Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) as its goal?
Correct Answer: B. 1929
The Indian National Congress adopted Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) as its goal at the Lahore session on December 31, 1929. Jawaharlal Nehru presided over this historic session. January 26, 1930 was declared as Independence Day. This declaration directly led to Gandhi launching the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Dandi March in March 1930.
The term 'Satyagraha' was coined by Gandhi to mean?
Correct Answer: B. Truth force or Soul force
Satyagraha was coined by Gandhi from Sanskrit words 'Satya' (truth) and 'Agraha' (insistence or holding firmly). It means 'truth force' or 'soul force'. Gandhi coined this term in South Africa as a positive alternative to the phrase 'passive resistance'. It became the philosophical foundation of his entire independence movement strategy.
Who coined the term 'Satyagraha' from a competition Gandhi held?
Correct Answer: B. Maganlal Gandhi nephew
Maganlal Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi's nephew, coined the term 'Satyagraha' in a competition Gandhi organized in South Africa. Gandhi was looking for a better term than 'passive resistance' to describe his method. Maganlal's entry of 'Sadagraha' was modified by Gandhi to 'Satyagraha'. Gandhi offered a small prize for the competition and Maganlal won it.
Which Gujarati participated in the famous Chauri Chaura incident?
Correct Answer: A. It was in UP not Gujarat
The Chauri Chaura incident of February 4, 1922 occurred in Gorakhpur district of present-day Uttar Pradesh, not Gujarat. A mob of protesters attacked and burned a police station killing 22 constables. Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement as a result. While no Gujarati leaders were directly involved, the incident affected Gujarat's freedom movement deeply as it led to the suspension of mass agitation.
Praja Mandal movements in Gujarat's princely states were against?
Correct Answer: B. Autocratic native princes and for responsible government
Praja Mandal movements occurred in Gujarat's princely states like Rajkot, Baroda, and Junagadh against autocratic native rulers and demanding responsible government. The Rajkot Satyagraha of 1939 where Gandhi himself participated was part of this movement. Congress supported these movements as part of the larger independence struggle. The Praja Mandals demanded civil liberties and representative governance in the princely states.
Gandhi's Rajkot Satyagraha of 1939 was against?
Correct Answer: B. Rajkot's ruler refusing reforms
The Rajkot Satyagraha of 1939 was against Thakore Saheb Dharmendrasingh of Rajkot who refused to implement constitutional reforms and betrayed an earlier agreement. Gandhi fasted in Rajkot to pressurize the ruler. The British Viceroy intervened and got Gandhi to end his fast. The issue was referred to an arbitrator who ruled partly in favour of Gandhi's demands.
On which date every year is Gujarat Day celebrated?
Correct Answer: C. May 1
Gujarat Day (Gujarat Sthapana Divas) is celebrated on May 1 every year to mark the formation of Gujarat state in 1960. On this date in 1960 the bilingual Bombay state was bifurcated into Gujarat and Maharashtra. May 1 is also International Workers' Day making it doubly significant. Gujarat Day is celebrated with cultural events and government programmes across the state.
The Mahagujarat Movement of 1956-1960 demanded?
Correct Answer: B. Separate state for Gujarati-speaking people
The Mahagujarat Movement was a popular agitation from 1956 to 1960 demanding a separate state for Gujarati-speaking people who were part of the bilingual Bombay state. The movement was led by Indulal Yagnik and involved mass protests, strikes, and police firings. The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 had created linguistic states but combined Gujarat and Maharashtra. The movement finally succeeded when Gujarat state was formed on May 1, 1960.
In which year did Gandhi launch the Ahmedabad Mill Strike demanding higher wages for workers?
Correct Answer: B. 1918
Gandhi launched the Ahmedabad Mill Strike (Ahmedabad Satyagraha) in 1918 to support textile mill workers demanding a 35% wage increase. This was one of Gandhi's early experiments with non-violent protest in India. He used the hunger strike technique for the first time during this movement, which ultimately resulted in workers getting a 35% wage hike.
How many miles did Gandhi and his followers walk during the famous Dandi March of 1930?
Correct Answer: B. 241 miles
Gandhi and his 78 followers walked 241 miles (about 390 km) during the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad to Dandi village on the Gujarat coast. The march began on March 12, 1930, and reached Dandi on April 5, 1930. Gandhi broke the British salt laws by picking up salt from the seashore, igniting a nationwide civil disobedience movement.