Factories Act 1948 — Set 10
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 91–100 of 140
Under the Factories Act, the minimum size for a 'factory' using power is:
Correct Answer: C. 10 or more workers
Under the Factories Act, a premises becomes a 'factory' if it uses power in the manufacturing process and employs 10 or more workers on any day of the preceding 12 months. If no power is used, the threshold is 20 or more workers. This definition determines when the Act's protections kick in. Smaller establishments are encouraged to voluntarily comply or can be covered by State-specific legislation.
Under the Factories Act, Section 112 empowers the State Government to:
Correct Answer: B. Exempt classes of factories from Act provisions in emergencies
Section 5 of the Factories Act (not Section 112) empowers the State Government to exempt any factory or class of factories from any of the provisions of the Act in case of public emergency. Under Section 112, the State Government is empowered to make rules for the implementation of the Act. These rules fill in details of the Act's requirements and adapt them to local conditions.
Under the Factories Act, Section 41C deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Worker health surveillance in hazardous processes
Section 41C of the Factories Act requires the occupier of a factory involving hazardous processes to carry out health surveillance of all workers employed therein and to maintain health records. The occupier must appoint qualified medical officers for this purpose. The health records must be made available to workers on request. Regular health checkups protect workers from long-term occupational health effects.
Under the Factories Act, Section 11A requires hazardous process factories to prepare:
Correct Answer: B. Site Emergency Plans
Section 41A of the Factories Act (not 11A) requires the constitution of Site Appraisal Committees for new factories involving hazardous processes. Section 41B requires preparation of Site Emergency Plans and response plans. The occupier must prepare written statements of policy on safety and health. Emergency plans must be disclosed to all workers and communicated to the relevant government authorities.
What is the significance of Factory Inspections in Indian labour law?
Correct Answer: C. Worker protection
The correct answer is Worker protection. Factory Inspections is a crucial aspect of Indian labour law designed to protect worker interests and ensure fair practices in employment. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Under the Factories Act, can a factory Inspector inspect a factory at night?
Correct Answer: B. Yes, can inspect at any time including night hours
Under the Factories Act, Factory Inspectors have powers to enter and inspect any factory at any time of the day or night. Night inspections are particularly important for factories operating on night shifts to verify compliance with night shift restrictions, especially for women and young persons. The occupier cannot refuse entry to an Inspector who presents their credentials.
Under the Factories Act, the exemption from the Act's provisions can be granted by:
Correct Answer: C. State Government in certain cases
Under Section 5 of the Factories Act, the State Government can grant exemptions from certain provisions of the Act in cases of public emergency. The exemption can be general or limited to particular factories. Section 64 allows the State Government to grant exemptions from the working hours provisions. These exemption powers provide necessary flexibility to handle exceptional circumstances.
Under the Factories Act, the Factories Act covers which type of workers?
Correct Answer: B. Direct workers and contract workers through labor contractor
The Factories Act covers both direct workers and workers employed through contractors or labour agencies who work in the factory premises. Contract workers performing manufacturing activities in the factory are covered by the Act's safety, health, and welfare provisions. The occupier is responsible for ensuring that all workers including contract workers comply with the Act's provisions.
Under the Factories Act, Section 14 deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Disposal of wastes and effluents
Section 12 of the Factories Act deals with disposal of wastes and effluents. Section 14 deals with dust and fume. Section 14 requires that where any manufacturing process produces dust, gas, fume or vapour of such character and to such extent as to be likely to be injurious or offensive to workers, all practicable measures must be taken to prevent its inhalation and accumulation.
Under the Factories Act, which section requires proper maintenance of machinery?
Correct Answer: B. Section 25
Section 21 of the Factories Act requires fencing of dangerous machinery. Section 25 of the Factories Act deals with safe handling and maintenance of machines. Section 25 specifically requires that no machinery or apparatus shall be used or be likely to be used in a manner which could cause injury to a worker. Regular maintenance is part of the employer's obligation to ensure safe machinery.