Factories Act 1948 — Set 7
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 61–70 of 140
Under the Factories Act, what is the minimum height for rooms used in factories?
Correct Answer: C. 3.66 metres for new factories
Under the Factories Act, rooms used for manufacturing processes must have a minimum height. The prescribed minimum height is 3 metres (10 feet) from floor to ceiling for older factories and 3.66 metres (12 feet) for new factories. Adequate height is important for proper ventilation, heat dissipation, and workers' health. Rooms below the prescribed height must be rectified.
Under the Factories Act, Section 112 deals with:
Correct Answer: C. Appeals against Inspector's orders
Section 112 of the Factories Act deals with appeals against orders passed by the Inspector. A person aggrieved by an order of the Inspector can appeal to the Chief Inspector within a prescribed period. The Chief Inspector may confirm, modify, or reverse the Inspector's order. This appellate mechanism ensures that factory owners have a remedy if they believe an Inspector's order is unjust or incorrect.
Under the Factories Act, Section 92 provides for:
Correct Answer: B. General penalty for offences
Section 92 of the Factories Act provides the general penalty for offences under the Act. If any person contravenes any of the provisions of the Act or any rule made thereunder, they are punishable with imprisonment up to 2 years or a fine up to Rs.1 lakh or both. For subsequent offences, the penalties are enhanced. This provision deters violations of the Act's requirements.
Under the Factories Act, 'Schedule' industries are those involving:
Correct Answer: B. Hazardous processes listed in the First Schedule
The First Schedule of the Factories Act lists industries involving hazardous processes. These include chemical industries, textiles involving dyes and bleaches, fertilizer manufacturing, rubber processing, paints, and others. Factories in these scheduled industries are subject to additional requirements including worker health surveillance, worker information about hazards, site emergency plans, and stricter safety requirements.
Under the Factories Act, the duty to maintain fire safety equipment falls on which person?
Correct Answer: B. The occupier of the factory
Under the Factories Act, the occupier of the factory has the primary duty to maintain fire safety equipment in good working condition. The occupier must ensure that fire extinguishers, fire hose reels, fire alarm systems, emergency exits, and other fire safety equipment are regularly inspected and maintained. Workers must be trained in their use. The occupier is liable if proper fire safety measures are not in place.
Under the Factories Act, who can direct a factory to take measures to remove danger?
Correct Answer: B. Inspector of Factories
Under the Factories Act, an Inspector of Factories can direct the occupier of a factory to take specified measures to address safety violations or dangers. The Inspector can issue improvement notices with a specified time period for compliance. In cases of imminent danger, the Inspector can issue prohibition notices to stop work until the danger is addressed. Non-compliance with Inspector's orders is an offence.
Under the Factories Act, Section 36 deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Dangerous fumes
Section 36 of the Factories Act deals with precautions against dangerous fumes, gases, and vapours. It requires that before any worker enters any confined space or space where dangerous fumes may be present, the space must be tested to ensure it is free from dangerous fumes. Workers must be equipped with suitable breathing apparatus and trained in its use. This provision prevents fume-related accidents.
Under the Factories Act, employment of children means:
Correct Answer: A. Employment of persons below 14 years in factories
Under the Factories Act, employment of children means employment of persons below 14 years of age. Section 67 prohibits employment of children below 14 years in any factory. Children between 14 and 15 can work for a maximum of 4.5 hours per day in non-hazardous processes, but cannot work at night or near dangerous machinery. These provisions protect children from exploitation.
Under the Factories Act, which section deals with employment of women in night shifts?
Correct Answer: D. Section 66
Section 66 of the Factories Act deals with restrictions on working hours for women. Under this section, no woman worker shall be required or allowed to work in any factory except between the hours of 6 AM and 7 PM generally. State Governments can permit women to work up to 10 PM with specified safety conditions. The section protects women from unsafe night working conditions.
Under the Factories Act, a copy of 'this Act, Rules and orders' must be kept at:
Correct Answer: B. Conspicuous place in the factory
Under the Factories Act, the occupier must keep posted at conspicuous places in the factory a copy of the Act and the rules made thereunder. Notices in the language understood by the majority of workers must be displayed. This ensures that workers are aware of their rights under the Act. The notices must also include details like working hours, rest periods, and weekly holidays.