Factories Act 1948 — Set 9
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 81–90 of 140
Under the Factories Act, can the occupier and manager be the same person?
Correct Answer: C. Yes, the same person can be both occupier and manager
Under the Factories Act, the same person can be both the occupier and the manager of a factory. There is no prohibition on the same person holding both positions. The occupier has ultimate control over the affairs of the factory, while the manager is responsible for day-to-day management. In small factories, the owner often acts as both occupier and manager.
Under the Factories Act, the Factories Act does not apply to establishments that:
Correct Answer: C. Are mines or quarries
The Factories Act, 1948 does not apply to mines, quarries, and other establishments specifically covered by the Mines Act, 1952. The Mines Act provides separate and specific protections for mine workers. Similarly, ships, places where goods are kept for sale (shops), and many other categories have their own specific legislation. The Factories Act covers manufacturing establishments not covered by other specific laws.
Under the Factories Act, which section deals with over-time wages?
Correct Answer: C. Section 59
Section 59 of the Factories Act provides for overtime wages. If a worker works in a factory for more than 9 hours in any day or more than 48 hours in any week, they are entitled to wages at twice the ordinary rate for the overtime work. The overtime wages must be paid at the time of regular wage payment. Overtime records must be maintained by the employer.
Under the Factories Act, shelters, rest rooms, and lunch rooms are provided under which section?
Correct Answer: B. Section 47
Section 47 of the Factories Act requires every factory employing more than 150 workers to provide adequate and suitable shelters or rest rooms and a suitable lunchroom with provision for drinking water where workers can eat meals. The rooms must be sufficiently lighted and ventilated. Where separate rooms exist for male and female workers, they must be adequately maintained.
Under the Factories Act, what records must an employer maintain when granting annual leave?
Correct Answer: A. Leave register
Under the Factories Act, the occupier of every factory must maintain a Leave Register containing details of all workers entitled to annual leave with wages, the leave availed, and the leave wages paid. The register must be made available to inspectors during inspection. Workers must also be given leave cards showing their leave entitlement and the leave taken. Accurate record-keeping prevents disputes.
Under the Factories Act, which provision allows working on Sundays in exceptional circumstances?
Correct Answer: A. Section 52
Under Section 52 of the Factories Act, a factory can operate on Sundays (the weekly rest day) in exceptional circumstances such as urgent repair work, exceptional demand, or other specified reasons. However, workers who work on the weekly holiday must be given a compensatory holiday on one of the three preceding or following days. Prior notice to the Chief Inspector may be required.
Under the Factories Act, Section 42 provides for:
Correct Answer: B. Washing facilities
Section 42 of the Factories Act requires that in every factory, adequate and suitable facilities for washing shall be provided and maintained for the use of workers. These facilities must include a sufficient number of troughs or basins with clean running water. The washing facilities for male and female workers must be separate and screened from each other. They must be conveniently accessible.
Under the Factories Act, Section 15 deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Artificial humidification
Section 15 of the Factories Act deals with artificial humidification (adding moisture to air) in factories where humidity is artificially raised. The section requires that the process for artificially increasing humidity must be regulated. The water used for humidification must be clean. Excessive humidification can cause health problems and the Act sets limits to protect workers' health in textile and other industries.
Under the Factories Act, Section 29 deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Hoists and lifts
Section 29 of the Factories Act deals with hoists and lifts used in factories. It requires that all hoists and lifts must be properly constructed of sound material, examined and tested at prescribed intervals, and kept in good mechanical condition. The safe working load must be marked on each hoist or lift. Defective hoists or lifts must not be used. Safety gates must be provided.
Under the Factories Act, what is the purpose of the 'Register of Accidents'?
Correct Answer: C. Mandatory record of all accidents for Inspector review
Under the Factories Act, the occupier of every factory must maintain a register of accidents and dangerous occurrences (Form 27). Every accident causing death or bodily injury must be entered in this register. The register must be produced for inspection when required by the Chief Inspector or Inspector. Serious accidents must also be reported to the Inspector within the prescribed time period.