Factories Act 1948 — Set 8
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 71–80 of 140
Under the Factories Act, an appeal against a prohibition order by the Inspector lies to:
Correct Answer: B. Chief Inspector
Under the Factories Act, if an Inspector issues a prohibition order directing that work must stop until safety measures are taken, the occupier can appeal against this order to the Chief Inspector of Factories. The Chief Inspector can stay, modify, or confirm the prohibition order. Aggrieved parties can further approach the High Court if necessary. This provides a balanced enforcement mechanism.
What is the significance of Accident Prevention in Indian labour law?
Correct Answer: C. Worker protection
The correct answer is Worker protection. Accident Prevention is a crucial aspect of Indian labour law designed to protect worker interests and ensure fair practices in employment. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Under the Factories Act, 'welfare officer' must keep records relating to:
Correct Answer: B. Workers welfare, complaints, and recommendations
The Welfare Officer under the Factories Act is responsible for maintaining records related to worker welfare including complaints received from workers, recommendations made, and actions taken. The Welfare Officer acts as a liaison between management and workers on welfare matters. They are responsible for implementing welfare programmes and reporting on worker welfare to management.
Under the Factories Act, the term 'occupier' for a company means:
Correct Answer: B. Any director of the company
Under the Factories Act, in the case of a company, any one of the directors can be the occupier of the factory. The directors together bear corporate responsibility for compliance. The occupier must give a written notice to the Chief Inspector before the factory begins to operate. If the occupier changes, a fresh notice must be given within a specified period. The occupier bears primary legal responsibility.
Under the Factories Act, Section 45 provides for:
Correct Answer: B. Ambulance room
Section 45 of the Factories Act requires factories employing more than 500 workers to maintain an ambulance room containing prescribed equipment and in the charge of trained nursing staff. The ambulance room must be available during all working hours. This provision ensures that immediate medical care is available for serious workplace injuries or sudden illnesses.
Under the Factories Act, Section 65 deals with:
Correct Answer: B. Power to make exempting rules
Section 65 of the Factories Act empowers the State Government to make rules permitting exemptions from the working hour provisions in specified circumstances. These exemptions may allow workers to work longer hours during emergencies or seasonal peaks, subject to conditions. Workers who work longer than normal hours due to exemptions must be compensated with additional pay or compensatory leave.
Under the Factories Act, a person who contravenes an order of the Inspector is punishable with:
Correct Answer: C. Imprisonment and fine
Under the Factories Act, a person who contravenes any order made by an Inspector under the Act is punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3 months, or with a fine of up to Rs.500, or with both. For subsequent offences, penalties are enhanced. This provision ensures that Inspector's orders are respected and factory owners comply with safety requirements.
Under the Factories Act, Section 41B requires hazardous process factories to:
Correct Answer: B. Disclose information about potential hazards to workers
Section 41B of the Factories Act (inserted in 1987) requires that the occupier of every factory involving hazardous processes must disclose specific information to workers and the public. This includes information about health hazards arising from hazardous processes, details of safety measures taken, health and safety policy, and emergency procedures. Workers must be trained on hazardous materials and procedures.
Under the Factories Act, which provision allows child labour in factories with restrictions?
Correct Answer: D. None — children below 14 are completely banned
Under the Factories Act, children below 14 years of age are completely prohibited from employment in any factory under Section 67. Adolescents (14-18 years) can work with restrictions — they must have a certificate of fitness from a certifying surgeon, cannot work at night, cannot work on dangerous machinery without training, and their working hours are more restricted. There is no provision allowing child labour.
Under the Factories Act, Section 76 provides for:
Correct Answer: B. Register of workers
Section 76 of the Factories Act requires the occupier of every factory to maintain a register of workers containing prescribed particulars. The register must include the name, age, sex, address, nature of work, and working hours of each worker. The register must be kept up to date and must be available for inspection by the Factory Inspector. Failure to maintain the register is an offence.