Factories Act 1948 — Set 3
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 21–30 of 140
The Factories Act has been subsumed into which of the four Labour Codes?
Correct Answer: D. Occupational Safety Health and Working Conditions Code 2020
The Factories Act, 1948 along with 12 other labour laws has been subsumed into the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020. This Code consolidates all laws related to safety, health, and working conditions. It was passed by Parliament in September 2020. The Code extends coverage to establishments employing 10 or more workers and includes new sectors.
Under the Factories Act, what is the minimum number of latrines required per worker?
Correct Answer: A. One for every 25 workers
Under Section 19 of the Factories Act, a sufficient number of latrines and urinals of prescribed types must be provided. The schedule requires one latrine for every 25 female workers and one for every 25 male workers up to 100, then one for every 50 additional male workers. Separate facilities for male and female workers must be maintained. They must be kept clean and well-lit.
Under the Factories Act, which section deals with fencing of machinery?
Correct Answer: A. Section 21
Section 21 of the Factories Act requires that every dangerous part of any machinery in a factory must be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction. This includes prime movers, transmission machinery, and other dangerous machinery. The fencing must be maintained in position while the machinery is in motion. This provision is essential for preventing industrial accidents.
Under the Factories Act, which Chapter deals with the health provisions?
Correct Answer: C. Chapter III
The correct answer is Chapter III. Chapter III of the Factories Act (Sections 11 to 20) deals with health provisions. These include cleanliness (Section 11), disposal of wastes and effluents (Section 12), ventilation and temperature (Section 13), dust and fume (Section 14), artificial humidification (Section 15), overcrowding (Section 16), lighting (Section 17), drinking water (Section 18), latrines and urinals (Section 19), and spittoons (Section 20). This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
What is the significance of Health Hazards in Indian labour law?
Correct Answer: C. Worker protection
The correct answer is Worker protection. Health Hazards is a crucial aspect of Indian labour law designed to protect worker interests and ensure fair practices in employment. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Under the Factories Act, women workers are prohibited from working in which time period?
Correct Answer: A. Between 8 PM and 6 AM
Under Section 66 of the Factories Act, no woman worker shall be required or allowed to work in any factory except between the hours of 6 AM and 7 PM. The State Government may, for the benefit of women workers in certain industries, permit employment between 7 PM and 11 PM by written order. Night work for women requires additional safety provisions.
The Factories Act empowers which authority to issue orders directing a factory to discontinue any hazardous process?
Correct Answer: B. Chief Inspector
Under Chapter IV-A of the Factories Act, the Chief Inspector is empowered to issue prohibition orders against the operation of any hazardous process in a factory if the process poses serious risk to health and safety. The Chief Inspector can order immediate shutdown of such processes. Appeals against such orders lie to the High Court.
Under the Factories Act, what must every factory having 250 or more workers provide?
Correct Answer: B. Canteen
Under Section 46 of the Factories Act, every factory employing more than 250 workers must have a canteen for the use of workers. The State Government may prescribe the standards for canteens. The canteen must provide food, beverages, and other items at reasonable prices. The management of the canteen may involve worker representatives.
Under the Factories Act, the maximum overtime hours in a quarter (3 months) cannot exceed:
Correct Answer: B. 75 hours
Under Section 64 of the Factories Act, no worker shall be allowed to work overtime hours exceeding 50 hours in any one quarter (3 months) without special exemption. The total spread-over including overtime should not exceed 60 hours in a week. The State Government can grant exemptions in special circumstances. All overtime work must be paid at double the ordinary wage rate.
Under the Factories Act, a 'manufacturing process' is defined under which section?
Correct Answer: A. Section 2(k)
The correct answer is Section 2(k). Section 2(k) of the Factories Act defines 'manufacturing process' as any process for making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing, packing, oiling, washing, cleaning, breaking up, demolishing, or otherwise treating or adapting any article or substance with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery, or disposal. This broad definition determines the Act's applicability. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.