Factories Act 1948 — Set 11
Labour Laws · कारखाना अधिनियम 1948 · Questions 101–110 of 140
Under the Factories Act, Section 90 provides for:
Correct Answer: B. Cognizance of offences
Section 90 of the Factories Act provides for cognizance of offences. A court shall not take cognizance of an offence under the Act except on a complaint made by or with the previous sanction of an Inspector. This ensures that only genuine violations are prosecuted and prevents frivolous complaints. Complaints must be filed within the prescribed limitation period.
Under the Factories Act, which section requires that no worker shall carry excessive weight?
Correct Answer: A. Section 34
Section 34 of the Factories Act prohibits employment of workers in lifting, carrying, or moving any load exceeding the prescribed maximum limits. The maximum limits are prescribed differently for men, women, and young persons. Workers should not be required to lift loads that may cause injury to their health. This provision prevents musculoskeletal injuries from excessive load carrying.
Under the Factories Act, the salary of a Welfare Officer is paid by:
Correct Answer: C. The factory occupier
The Welfare Officer appointed in a factory under the Factories Act is an employee of the factory. Their salary is paid by the factory occupier (employer). The Welfare Officer is accountable to the management but represents worker interests. Despite being paid by the employer, the Welfare Officer is expected to act as an independent advocate for worker welfare within the establishment.
The Factories Act provisions on women workers were amended to include night shifts by:
Correct Answer: B. State Government notifications
The Factories Act was amended by various State Governments to allow women to work in night shifts in certain industries subject to specified safety conditions. These state-level amendments were made after representations by IT/BPO and manufacturing industries that required night shift workers. Safety conditions include safe transport, adequate lighting, women-only areas, and security measures.
Under the Factories Act, can a manager be prosecuted separately from the occupier?
Correct Answer: B. Yes, both occupier and manager can be separately prosecuted
Under the Factories Act, both the occupier and the manager of a factory can be separately prosecuted for violations of the Act's provisions. The occupier has ultimate responsibility, but the manager is also personally liable for compliance with the Act's requirements during their tenure. This dual liability ensures that both top management and operational management take the Act seriously.
Under the Factories Act, which provision requires the employer to provide safety equipment?
Correct Answer: C. Section 35
Section 35 of the Factories Act requires that the employer (occupier) must provide workers with suitable protective equipment and clothing where there is a risk of injury. This includes helmets, gloves, goggles, boots, and other personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate to the hazards in the workplace. Workers must be trained in the use of PPE and must use the equipment provided.
The Factories Act requires every factory to have a first-aid box for every how many workers?
Correct Answer: C. 150 workers
Section 45 of the Factories Act mandates that every factory must maintain at least one first-aid box for every 150 workers. The box must be kept readily accessible during working hours. In factories employing more than 500 workers, a trained first-aid attendant must also be present. This provision ensures immediate medical assistance is available in case of workplace accidents.
Under the Factories Act, which section deals with canteen facilities?
Correct Answer: B. Section 46
Section 46 of the Factories Act requires that in every factory where more than 250 workers are ordinarily employed, the occupier must provide a canteen for use of the workers. The State Government can prescribe the standards for the establishment and maintenance of canteens. This is a welfare provision to ensure workers have access to proper meals during work hours.
The Factories Act mandates shelters and rest rooms in factories employing more than how many workers?
Correct Answer: C. 150 workers
Section 47 of the Factories Act requires that in every factory employing more than 150 workers, adequate and suitable shelters, rest rooms, and lunch rooms with provision of drinking water must be provided and maintained for use of workers. These are designed to provide rest and refreshment to workers during breaks. The State Government can prescribe the standards for such facilities.
Which section of the Factories Act provides for crèche facilities?
Correct Answer: C. Section 48
Section 48 of the Factories Act requires that in every factory employing more than 30 women workers, a suitable room or rooms shall be provided for the use of children under the age of 6 years of such women. This facility is known as a crèche. The room must be adequately lighted and ventilated and maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. This is a welfare provision for women workers.