NDMA & NDRF Framework — Set 15
Disaster Management · NDMA और NDRF ढांचा · Questions 141–150 of 160
How many NDRF battalions are typically deployed in Northeast India given the seismic and flood risk?
Correct Answer: C. 2 or more battalions
Two or more NDRF battalions are deployed in Northeast India given the region's high seismic risk (Zone V) and frequent flooding in the Brahmaputra valley. The deployment ensures rapid response to the frequent natural disasters affecting this geographically isolated region. Additional battalions can be deployed from other locations when the disaster scale requires, but permanent positioning in the Northeast ensures faster initial response.
The NDMA established a separate division for managing which type of emerging risk?
Correct Answer: C. Climate change related disaster risks
NDMA has established mechanisms to address climate change-related disaster risks, recognizing that climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events in India. This includes working with the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, and meteorological agencies to understand changing risk patterns. Integrating climate change projections into disaster risk reduction planning is a priority for NDMA.
What is the purpose of 'Rapid Assessment Teams' deployed after major disasters?
Correct Answer: B. Quick evaluation of damage to inform immediate response priorities
Rapid Assessment Teams are deployed immediately after major disasters to quickly evaluate the extent of damage, identify immediate needs, and inform response priorities. These teams typically include engineers, health officers, and revenue officials who can rapidly assess housing damage, infrastructure disruption, and population displacement. Their findings guide the deployment of rescue teams, relief materials, and other resources to the most affected areas.
Which NDMA guideline addresses the issue of 'heat wave' as a disaster?
Correct Answer: B. NDMA Heat Wave Guidelines 2016
NDMA released the Heat Wave Guidelines in 2016 to address the growing threat of heat waves in India, following the devastating heat waves of 2015 that killed over 2,500 people. The guidelines define heat wave thresholds, provide protocols for public health response, and outline measures for protecting vulnerable populations. States are required to prepare Heat Action Plans based on these guidelines to reduce heat-related mortality.
The 'Resilient Infrastructure' initiative (CDRI) was launched at which international forum?
Correct Answer: B. UN General Assembly September 2019
India's Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the United Nations General Assembly in September 2019. CDRI was established as an international coalition of national governments, UN agencies, multilateral development banks, and private sector companies. The initiative has gained membership from over 40 countries and international organizations since its launch.
Under NDMA's framework, what is 'capacity building' in the context of disaster management?
Correct Answer: B. Developing human resources, institutional systems, and community skills for DM
Capacity building in NDMA's framework refers to developing human resources, institutional systems, organizational structures, and community skills for effective disaster management. This includes training government officials and NDRF personnel, strengthening emergency operations centres, developing early warning systems, and conducting community-level preparedness programs. Capacity building is recognized as a foundational investment that enhances all other aspects of disaster management.
The DM Act 2005 mandates inclusion of disaster management in which type of plans?
Correct Answer: B. Development plans of ministries, state plans, and district development plans
The Disaster Management Act 2005 mandates the inclusion of disaster management considerations in development plans of central ministries, state development plans, and district development plans. This mainstreaming approach ensures that disaster risk is considered in all development activities, preventing the creation of new vulnerabilities. Ministries and states are required to submit plans to NDMA showing how disaster management is integrated into their programs.
What is the significance of the '72-hour window' in earthquake rescue?
Correct Answer: B. Critical period when survival chances are highest for trapped victims
The '72-hour window' refers to the critical period after an earthquake when survival chances for people trapped under debris are highest. Medical research shows that survival probability drops significantly after 72 hours due to dehydration, shock, and injuries. This is why NDRF and international USAR teams race to disaster sites to conduct search and rescue operations within this critical window.
India contributes to the UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) mechanism through which agency?
Correct Answer: D. Both NDMA/MEA coordination and NDRF personnel
India contributes to the UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) mechanism through both NDMA/MEA coordination for diplomatic and policy aspects and through deployment of NDRF personnel with UNDAC teams. NDRF officers have participated in UNDAC missions internationally, contributing India's disaster management expertise to global humanitarian response. This participation also allows India to benefit from international best practices and standards.
Under NDMA, which specific program focuses on reducing disaster risk in urban areas?
Correct Answer: B. Urban DRR and Resilience Program
NDMA's Urban Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience Program specifically focuses on reducing disaster risk in rapidly urbanizing areas of India. The program covers urban flooding, earthquake risk in buildings, fire safety, and multi-hazard urban emergency response. Given India's rapid urbanization creating large concentrations of vulnerable people in cities, urban DRR has been prioritized in NDMA's strategic plan.