Economy & Agriculture — Set 5

Correct Answer: B. Milk cooperatives

Milk cooperatives have been the most successful cooperative movement in improving farmer incomes in Rajasthan. Saras dairy and other cooperative unions have provided direct market access and fair prices. The cooperative milk sector has transformed rural economies and increased dairy farmer revenues.

Correct Answer: A. Quality standards

Quality standards are the primary challenge for agricultural exports from Rajasthan, particularly for cotton and textiles. International markets have strict quality and safety requirements that need compliance. Investment in quality control infrastructure is essential for competitive exports.

Correct Answer: A. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana

The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) provides insurance coverage to farmers for crop losses due to natural calamities and pests. The scheme covers both named perils and yield losses. Farmers pay a small premium while the government subsidizes a major portion of the insurance cost.

Correct Answer: B. Research and development in agriculture

Agricultural universities in Rajasthan conduct research and development in agriculture to improve crop varieties and farming techniques. These institutions provide technical education to farmers and develop solutions for agricultural challenges. Universities like SKAU and MPUAT contribute significantly to agricultural innovation.

Correct Answer: D. Coriander

Coriander is widely cultivated in Rajasthan, particularly in Jalore and Barmer districts. The state produces high-quality coriander seeds that are in high demand globally. Rajasthan's coriander exports contribute significantly to national spice exports.

Correct Answer: B. Contour ploughing and terracing

Contour ploughing and terracing are primary methods of soil conservation in Rajasthan to reduce erosion on sloped lands. These techniques follow the natural contours of the land to slow water runoff. Proper soil conservation prevents nutrient loss and maintains land productivity.

Correct Answer: A. 25-30%

Agriculture contributes approximately 25-30% to Rajasthan's state GDP, though this has declined as the service sector has grown. The sector remains vital for rural employment and food security. Agricultural diversification and value-addition are strategies to increase the sector's contribution.

Correct Answer: B. Jatropha

Jatropha is increasingly cultivated for biodiesel production in Rajasthan due to its ability to grow in marginal lands. The plant produces oil-rich seeds suitable for biofuel production. Jatropha cultivation supports renewable energy initiatives and provides additional income to farmers.

Correct Answer: B. Irrigation for sugarcane and cotton

The Narmada River is primarily used for irrigation of sugarcane and cotton crops in southern Rajasthan through various canal projects. Narmada water supports extensive agricultural development in Banswara and Dungarpur regions. The river has been crucial for transforming semi-arid areas into productive agricultural zones.

Correct Answer: B. Zero-tillage farming

Zero-tillage farming is being promoted for wheat cultivation in Rajasthan to reduce soil compaction and conserve moisture. This technique involves planting seeds directly without previous cultivation. Zero-tillage farming reduces input costs and improves sustainability of wheat production.