Economy & Agriculture — Set 6

Correct Answer: B. Over-extraction for agriculture

Over-extraction of groundwater for agricultural irrigation is the primary reason for declining groundwater levels in Rajasthan. Farmers rely heavily on tube wells for irrigation in water-scarce areas. Sustainable groundwater management and water conservation are critical for long-term agricultural sustainability.

Correct Answer: B. Traditional stepwells (baoris)

Traditional stepwells (baoris) are widely used for irrigation in rural Rajasthan, combining ancient engineering with water conservation. These structures allow farmers to access groundwater during dry seasons. Stepwells have been part of Rajasthan's water management heritage for centuries.

Correct Answer: B. Agricultural development in arid areas

The Desert Development Program aims at agricultural development in arid areas of Rajasthan through sustainable water management and land use practices. The program promotes afforestation, pasture development, and agricultural productivity. It addresses desertification and improves livelihood opportunities for desert communities.

Correct Answer: A. Sheep and goat rearing

Sheep and goat rearing contribute most to rural incomes in Rajasthan due to low input costs and high market demand for wool and meat. These animals are well-adapted to the arid climate and require minimal supplementary feeding. Sheep and goat farming provides employment to millions of rural people.

Correct Answer: B. Agricultural training and microfinance

Women farmer empowerment programs in Rajasthan focus on agricultural training and microfinance to increase women's participation in farming. These programs provide skills development and access to credit for women farmers. Empowered women contribute significantly to household and agricultural productivity.

Correct Answer: B. 4 hectares

The average landholding size for farmers in Rajasthan is approximately 4 hectares, making it a state with relatively larger farms compared to the national average. However, many small and marginal farmers have holdings less than 2 hectares. Landholding patterns influence farm productivity and farmer incomes significantly.

Correct Answer: B. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare

The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare oversees agricultural policy at the national level, while state agricultural departments implement policies in Rajasthan. The ministry formulates schemes, sets MSP, and regulates agricultural trade. Coordination between national and state agencies ensures effective agricultural governance.

Correct Answer: B. Job security and fair wages

Agricultural laborers in Rajasthan face challenges with job security and fair wages, particularly during off-seasons. Seasonal unemployment is a major concern affecting their annual incomes. Government schemes aim to provide social security and income support to agricultural workers.

Correct Answer: C. Gram

Gram (chickpea) requires the least water compared to other major crops cultivated in Rajasthan. It is a drought-resistant crop well-suited to the state's semi-arid climate. Gram cultivation requires minimal irrigation and is economically beneficial for rain-fed farming areas.

Correct Answer: B. Providing short-term and long-term agricultural credit

Agricultural credit societies in rural Rajasthan provide both short-term and long-term loans to farmers for agricultural activities. These societies operate at village levels and facilitate credit access for small farmers. They play a crucial role in agricultural financing and farmer welfare.