Question 1

Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in which year?

Accepted Answer

1915. Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa on January 9, 1915. This day is now celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas to mark the contribution of the overseas Indian community. He had spent over 20 years in South Africa fighting for civil rights.

Question 2

Who is considered the 'Political Guru' of Mahatma Gandhi?

Accepted Answer

Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Gopal Krishna Gokhale is considered the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi. He advised Gandhi to travel across India for a year to understand the land and its people before entering politics. Gokhale was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and founder of the Servants of India Society.

Question 3

Which was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi in India?

Accepted Answer

Champaran Satyagraha. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Gandhi's first Satyagraha movement in India. It was launched to support the indigo planters of Champaran, Bihar, who were forced to grow indigo under the Tinkathia system. Raj Kumar Shukla persuaded Gandhi to visit Champaran.

Question 4

The 'Tinkathia System' in Champaran was related to the cultivation of:

Accepted Answer

Indigo. The Tinkathia system forced farmers to cultivate indigo on three-twentieths (3/20) of their landholdings. This system was exploitative and caused immense economic hardship to the peasants. Gandhi's intervention led to the abolition of this system.

Question 5

Who among the following was a key leader associated with the Kheda Satyagraha alongside Gandhi?

Accepted Answer

Vallabhbhai Patel. Vallabhbhai Patel was a key leader who joined Gandhi during the Kheda Satyagraha in 1918. He left his lucrative legal practice to organize the peasants against tax collection during a famine. This marked the beginning of his lifelong association with the freedom struggle.

Gandhian Era — Set 1