Gandhian Era — Set 9
Indian History · गांधी युग · Questions 81–90 of 170
The 'Phoenix Settlement' in South Africa was founded by:
Correct Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi founded the Phoenix Settlement near Durban in 1904. It was an experiment in communal living and non-violence. It was here that he first published his newspaper 'Indian Opinion'.
Who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi?
Correct Answer: A. Nathuram Godse
Nathuram Godse assassinated Mahatma Gandhi on January 30, 1948. He shot Gandhi three times at point-blank range at Birla House in Delhi. Godse believed Gandhi was too accommodating to Muslims and responsible for the partition.
The 'Tolstoy Farm' was established by Gandhi in:
Correct Answer: C. South Africa
Gandhi established the Tolstoy Farm in South Africa in 1910. It served as a headquarters for the Satyagrahis during the struggle against discrimination. It was named after the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, whom Gandhi admired.
Who was the Viceroy during the Quit India Movement?
Correct Answer: C. Lord Linlithgow
Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India (1936-1943) when the Quit India Movement was launched in 1942. He adopted a policy of severe repression to crush the movement. He had the longest tenure as Viceroy of India.
Who led the 'Rani of Jhansi Regiment' of the INA?
Correct Answer: A. Lakshmi Sahgal
Captain Lakshmi Sahgal (Lakshmi Swaminathan) led the Rani of Jhansi Regiment. It was the all-women combat regiment of the Indian National Army (INA). This was one of the first all-female combat units in Asian history.
The 'Dickie Bird Plan' was another name for:
Correct Answer: D. Mountbatten Plan
The Mountbatten Plan for the partition of India was informally nicknamed the 'Dickie Bird Plan'. It was drafted by a committee under Lord Ismay but championed by Mountbatten (whose nickname was Dickie). It proposed the partition of Punjab and Bengal.
Who played a key role in the integration of Princely States into India?
Correct Answer: B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the first Home Minister, played the decisive role in integrating over 560 princely states. He used a mix of diplomacy and firmness (carrot and stick policy). He is often called the 'Bismarck of India' for this feat.
Which plan was rejected by the Muslim League leading to Direct Action Day?
Correct Answer: A. Cabinet Mission Plan
The Muslim League initially accepted but later rejected the Cabinet Mission Plan. This rejection and the conflict over the interpretation of the 'grouping' clause led to the call for Direct Action Day. This marked the failure of the last attempt to keep India united.
Who was the Congress President during the Quit India Movement?
Correct Answer: B. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the Congress President during the Quit India Movement. He served as President for six consecutive years (1940-1946) because no elections could be held during the war and imprisonment. He led the negotiations with both Cripps and the Cabinet Mission.
The 'Vaikom Satyagraha' (1924) was related to:
Correct Answer: D. Temple Entry
The Vaikom Satyagraha in Kerala was a movement for the right of lower castes to enter temples and use roads around them. It was a significant struggle against untouchability. Gandhi visited Vaikom to support the satyagrahis.