Gandhian Era — Set 4

Correct Answer: D. Mahatma Gandhi

• **Gandhi** called Cripps Mission (1942) proposals 'a **post-dated cheque on a crashing bank**'. • **Cripps Mission (March 1942)** offered Dominion Status only after WWII — unacceptable to Congress. • Congress demanded immediate transfer; Muslim League wanted partition — both rejected the plan. • 💡 Sardar Patel = not known for this quote; Nehru = said it 'is dated after the war'; Bose = called it 'an insult'.

Correct Answer: D. 1942

• **Quit India Movement** launched on **8 August 1942** at Bombay (Gowalia Tank Maidan). • Gandhi gave 'Do or Die' (Karo ya Maro) slogan; **AICC resolution** passed at Bombay session. • Most Congress leaders arrested **next morning (Aug 9)**; underground leaders continued the struggle. • 💡 **1943** = mid-WWII, movement already ongoing; **1941** = no major movement; **1940** = August Offer year, not Quit India.

Correct Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi

• **Gandhi** gave the slogan **'Do or Die' (Karo ya Maro)** launching Quit India on August 8, 1942. • Speech at Gowalia Tank, Bombay — urged Indians to free India or die trying. • **Aruna Asaf Ali** hoisted Congress flag at same venue after leaders were arrested August 9. • 💡 Bose = 'Give me blood, I'll give freedom'; Shastri = 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan'; Bhagat Singh = 'Inquilab Zindabad'.

Correct Answer: B. Bombay (Gowalia Tank)

• Quit India resolution passed at **Gowalia Tank Maidan, Bombay, August 8, 1942** (now **August Kranti Maidan**). • **AICC** formally ratified the resolution; Gandhi gave 'Do or Die' speech the same evening. • Next morning, August 9, all top Congress leaders were arrested by British authorities. • 💡 Wardha = CWC preliminary resolution (July **1942**), not final passage; Delhi = not the venue; Calcutta = not involved.

Correct Answer: C. Mohan Singh

• **Captain Mohan Singh** originally set up the **INA in 1942** with Indian POWs in Malaya (Singapore). • **Rash Behari Bose** revived it and handed leadership to **Subhash Chandra Bose in 1943**. • Bose reorganised it as Azad Hind Fauj with three brigades: Gandhi, Nehru, and Azad brigades. • 💡 Laxmi Sehgal = led Rani of Jhansi Regiment, not founder; Rash Behari Bose = passed leadership, not original founder; Netaji Bose = reorganised, not original founder.

Correct Answer: A. Singapore

• Bose established **Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind)** in **Singapore, October 1943**. • Recognised by Axis powers (Japan, Germany, Italy); gave the battle cry **'Chalo Dilli'** (March to Delhi). • INA advanced to Imphal-Kohima (**1944**) but Japanese defeat ended the campaign. • 💡 Rangoon = was INA operational HQ later, not where govt established; Berlin = Bose was there **1941**–43; Tokyo = Japan's capital, not where Azad Hind proclaimed.

Correct Answer: D. C. Rajagopalachari

• **C.R. Formula (1944)** = prepared by **C. Rajagopalachari** (Rajaji) to break Congress-League deadlock. • Proposed plebiscite in Muslim-majority areas after WWII for possible separate state. • **Jinnah rejected** it; Gandhi met Jinnah for talks but no agreement was reached. • 💡 Chandra Shekhar Azad = revolutionary, died **1931**; C.R. Das = Swaraj Party **1923**, died **1925**; Chintamani = journalist, not this formula.

Correct Answer: B. 1946

• **Cabinet Mission arrived in India in March 1946** to plan transfer of power. • Three members: **Lord Pethick-Lawrence** (leader), Sir Stafford Cripps, and **A.V. Alexander**. • Proposed a 3-tier federal structure; accepted by Congress but rejected eventually by Muslim League. • 💡 **1944** = C.R. Formula year; **1945** = Simla Conference/Wavell Plan; **1947** = actual independence, Mission came earlier.

Correct Answer: D. Lord Mountbatten

• **Lord Mountbatten** = Viceroy when India gained independence in **1947**; last Viceroy of India. • He became the **first Governor-General** of independent India (August 1947–June 1948). • Oversaw the **partition** of India and Pakistan; advanced deadline from June 1948 to August 1947. • 💡 Rajagopalachari = first Indian G-G (**1948**); Linlithgow = **1936**–43 Viceroy; Wavell = **1943**–47 Viceroy before Mountbatten.

Correct Answer: B. Partition of India

• **Mountbatten Plan (June 3, 1947)** = proposed **partition of India** into two dominions: India & Pakistan. • Both Congress and Muslim League accepted; led directly to **Indian Independence Act 1947**. • Also proposed partition of **Punjab and Bengal**; plebiscite for NWFP and Sylhet. • 💡 Federation of States = not the main proposal; Constituent Assembly = already formed Dec **1946**; Interim Government = already existed from Sept **1946**.