UN, WHO, IMF & World Bank — Set 11
International Relations · UN, WHO, IMF और विश्व बैंक · Questions 101–110 of 160
The UNHCR 1951 Refugee Convention defines who qualifies as a refugee. Which country has NOT ratified this convention?
Correct Answer: C. India
India has NOT ratified the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, unlike most developed countries and many developing nations. Despite this, India hosts millions of refugees including Tibetan Buddhists and Myanmar Rohingya. India manages refugee issues on an ad hoc basis. India argues that its approach is more humanitarian than a formal convention-based system.
The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) gave India a special waiver to participate in civil nuclear trade in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 2008
The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) granted India a special waiver from its guidelines in September 2008, enabling civil nuclear trade with India despite India not being a member of the NPT. This waiver was a key outcome of the India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement (123 Agreement). The NSG waiver allowed India to import uranium and nuclear technology for civilian purposes. India has been seeking full NSG membership but faces opposition led by China.
Which UN body is responsible for international postal services cooperation?
Correct Answer: C. Universal Postal Union (UPU)
The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874 and a UN specialized agency since 1948, regulates international postal services and provides technical assistance. UPU is headquartered in Berne, Switzerland, and is one of the oldest international organizations. It coordinates postal policies and sets uniform rules for international mail exchange. India Post, one of the world's largest postal networks, operates within the UPU framework.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: B. Vienna
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) is headquartered in Vienna, Austria. It was established in 1997 and works internationally to combat illicit drugs, crime, corruption, and terrorism. UNODC publishes the World Drug Report annually. India cooperates with UNODC on drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking issues.
What is the full name of ICSID in the World Bank Group?
Correct Answer: A. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
ICSID stands for the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, a World Bank Group institution established in 1966. ICSID provides facilities for international conciliation and arbitration of investment disputes between foreign investors and their host states. It is headquartered in Washington DC. India has faced investor-state disputes through ICSID arbitration from foreign companies over regulatory actions.
The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted by the UN General Assembly in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 2007
The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) was adopted by the General Assembly on 13 September 2007. UNDRIP establishes a universal framework of minimum standards for the survival, dignity, and well-being of the world's indigenous peoples. India voted in favor of UNDRIP but notes that its constitutional framework already provides protections for tribal and indigenous communities through Schedule V and VI.
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: D. Geneva
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is the oldest UN specialized agency, established in 1865. ITU allocates global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, sets technical standards for interconnecting communication networks, and works to improve ICT access for underserved communities. India actively participates in ITU standardization and radio spectrum management activities.
The World Customs Organization (WCO) facilitates legitimate trade and security standards. It is headquartered in:
Correct Answer: B. Brussels
The World Customs Organization (WCO) is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. Established in 1952 as the Customs Co-operation Council (CCC), it became WCO in 1994. WCO develops international standards for customs procedures and facilitates legitimate trade while combating smuggling and money laundering. India's CBIC (Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs) is a WCO member.
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: C. Geneva
WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a UN specialized agency. It was established in 1967 and oversees global intellectual property services, policy, and cooperation. WIPO administers 26 international treaties on intellectual property. India uses WIPO's IPAS (Industrial Property Administration System) and participates in WIPO's development agenda for IP in developing countries.
The first report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was published in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 1990
The IPCC's First Assessment Report was published in 1990, providing the scientific basis for the UNFCCC negotiations. The IPCC was established in 1988 by WMO and UNEP. It assesses scientific, technical, and socioeconomic information on climate change in Assessment Reports published approximately every 5–7 years. The IPCC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. Indian scientists contribute to IPCC assessment reports.