UN, WHO, IMF & World Bank — Set 7
International Relations · UN, WHO, IMF और विश्व बैंक · Questions 61–70 of 160
The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed at which summit?
Correct Answer: B. Rio Earth Summit 1992
The UNFCCC was opened for signature at the Rio Earth Summit (Earth Summit) in 1992 and entered into force in March 1994. The UNFCCC established the framework for international climate negotiations and the annual Conference of Parties (COP) process. India signed and ratified the UNFCCC in 1993. The UNFCCC Secretariat is based in Bonn, Germany.
India's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under Paris Agreement was submitted to which body?
Correct Answer: B. UNFCCC
India submitted its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the UNFCCC as part of its Paris Agreement commitments. India's NDC includes targets for renewable energy capacity, reduction of GDP emission intensity, and forest cover enhancement. India updated its NDC in 2022, enhancing its targets. NDCs are the national climate action plans that countries submit and update under the Paris Agreement framework.
The UN Global Compact is an initiative focused on which area?
Correct Answer: B. Corporate sustainability and responsibility
The UN Global Compact, launched in 2000 by Secretary-General Kofi Annan, is the world's largest corporate sustainability initiative. It calls on businesses to align their strategies and operations with universal principles on human rights, labour, environment, and anti-corruption. Over 15,000 companies from 160 countries participate in the Global Compact. Many Indian companies are signatories to the UN Global Compact.
The Doha Development Round of WTO negotiations was launched in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2001
The Doha Development Round (Doha Development Agenda) was launched at the WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001. It was intended to be a comprehensive round of trade negotiations focused on developing countries' interests. The round has faced significant challenges and remains largely incomplete. India has been a significant player in Doha Round negotiations, particularly on agriculture.
The UN Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) entered into force in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 1994
UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea) was opened for signature in 1982 and entered into force on 16 November 1994. It is often called the 'constitution for the oceans' as it defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans. UNCLOS established concepts like Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) extending 200 nautical miles. India ratified UNCLOS in 1995 and uses it to assert its maritime rights in the Indian Ocean.
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is based in which city?
Correct Answer: D. The Hague
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is based in The Hague, Netherlands. It was established by the Rome Statute in 2002 and is the first permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. The ICC has jurisdiction when national courts are unable or unwilling to prosecute. India has not ratified the Rome Statute and is not a member of the ICC.
India's contribution to UN peacekeeping has been consistently among the highest. Which is India's historic contribution?
Correct Answer: B. Providing most troops
India has been one of the largest contributors of troops to UN peacekeeping missions throughout history. India has participated in over 50 UN peacekeeping missions and deployed over 200,000 troops cumulatively, more than any other country. Indian peacekeepers have served in various challenging missions including Congo, Lebanon, Sudan, and Haiti. India's contribution to UN peacekeeping is a key element of its foreign policy and 'soft power' projection.
The G20 summit where India was host in 2023 was held in which city?
Correct Answer: C. New Delhi
India hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit on 9–10 September 2023 in New Delhi at the Bharat Mandapam convention center. The summit theme was 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' (One Earth One Family One Future). The African Union was admitted as a permanent G20 member at this summit. India's G20 Presidency was from December 2022 to November 2023.
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: C. Manila
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. It was established in 1966 and has 68 members, including 49 from the Asia-Pacific region. ADB provides loans, technical assistance, and grants to developing member countries to reduce poverty and promote sustainable development. India is one of the largest borrowers from ADB, primarily for infrastructure projects.
The New Development Bank (NDB) established by BRICS has its headquarters in which city?
Correct Answer: C. Shanghai
The New Development Bank (NDB), also known as the BRICS Development Bank, is headquartered in Shanghai, China. It was established in 2014 and began operations in 2016 with an initial authorized capital of $100 billion. The NDB provides financing for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging and developing economies. India was a founding member and has used NDB loans for renewable energy projects.