UN, WHO, IMF & World Bank — Set 13
International Relations · UN, WHO, IMF और विश्व बैंक · Questions 121–130 of 160
The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: C. Rome
IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) is headquartered in Rome, Italy, along with FAO and WFP. IFAD was established in 1977 as a specialized UN agency to provide financing and knowledge to help rural poor people in developing countries improve their food security. India is one of IFAD's major borrowers, with projects focused on rural livelihoods, sustainable agriculture, and marginalized communities.
The UN Human Rights Council has a 'Special Procedures' mechanism that includes:
Correct Answer: B. Special Rapporteurs and Working Groups
The UN Human Rights Council's Special Procedures consist of independent human rights experts (Special Rapporteurs, Independent Experts, and Working Groups) who monitor, report, and advise on human rights situations and themes globally. They can conduct country visits and issue communications to governments about alleged violations. India has received several Special Rapporteur visit requests and has been selective in granting access.
The WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) manages the Paris Convention for protection of:
Correct Answer: B. Industrial property (patents, trademarks)
The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) is one of the oldest IP treaties administered by WIPO. It protects industrial property including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, and service marks. The Paris Convention established the principle of national treatment and priority rights. India joined the Paris Convention and aligns its patent and trademark laws with its obligations.
The Berne Convention protects which category of intellectual property?
Correct Answer: C. Copyright (literary and artistic works)
The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886) is the primary international treaty on copyright, administered by WIPO. It establishes automatic copyright protection (without registration) for literary, musical, dramatic, and artistic works in all member countries. The Berne Convention introduced minimum standards for copyright duration. India has been a member of the Berne Convention since 1928.
The first BRICS Summit was held in which city in 2009?
Correct Answer: C. Yekaterinburg
The first BRIC (before South Africa joined) Leaders' Summit was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia, on 16 June 2009. At this summit, the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, and China met for the first time at the summit level. South Africa joined BRICS at the Sanya Summit in China in 2011 (following the Johannesburg foreign ministers' meeting in 2010). The NDB (New Development Bank) was established at the 2014 BRICS Summit in Fortaleza, Brazil.
The African Union became a permanent member of which forum in 2023?
Correct Answer: B. G20
The African Union (AU) became a permanent member of the G20 at the New Delhi Summit on 9 September 2023, hosted by India. This was a historic moment marking Africa's inclusion in the premier international economic forum. India championed the AU's inclusion as part of its voice for the Global South. Previously, South Africa was the only African country in G20 as an individual member.
The World Bank and IMF are sometimes collectively referred to as:
Correct Answer: B. Bretton Woods Institutions
The World Bank and IMF are collectively referred to as the 'Bretton Woods Institutions' because both were created at the Bretton Woods Conference held in New Hampshire, USA, in July 1944. The conference, attended by 44 Allied nations, established the post-war international monetary system. The Washington Consensus refers to a set of economic policy prescriptions recommended by these institutions during the 1980s-90s.
The UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) monitors the ceasefire between Israel and which country?
Correct Answer: C. Syria
UNDOF (United Nations Disengagement Observer Force) was established in 1974 to monitor the ceasefire between Israel and Syria in the Golan Heights area. UNDOF supervises implementation of the Disengagement Agreement signed after the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Indian troops have served in UNDOF. UNDOF's mission area was affected by the Syrian civil war, requiring redeployment of some forces.
The UNSC imposed sanctions on North Korea primarily due to which concern?
Correct Answer: C. Nuclear and missile tests
The UN Security Council has imposed multiple rounds of sanctions on North Korea since 2006 in response to its nuclear weapons tests and ballistic missile launches. Sanctions restrict North Korea's coal exports, oil imports, banking, and other economic activities. Despite sanctions, North Korea has continued developing nuclear weapons and missiles. China's and Russia's vetoes have limited further UNSC action on North Korea.
The World Bank Group's poverty line (extreme poverty) is set at:
Correct Answer: B. $1.90 per day (now updated to $2.15)
The World Bank set the extreme poverty line at $1.90 per day (2011 PPP) in 2015, which was updated to $2.15 per day (2017 PPP) in 2022. People living below this threshold are considered to be in extreme poverty. The World Bank's goal is to end extreme poverty by 2030. India has made significant progress in reducing extreme poverty, lifting hundreds of millions above the poverty line over the past three decades.